137 terms

Terms	Definitions
What is a myth?	A story intimately bound up with the traditions of a people.
What do myths deal with?	gods, heroes, religious beliefs, and cultural traits.
Who was Paul Gauguin.	A famous impressionistic artist.
What are the three questions that myths answer?	Where have we come from; What are we; Where are we going.
Yes or NO: IS there a culture without some form of art?	No
What is one of the most important forms of art?	oral communication
What do tales tell us about?	Achievements of great gods and heroes and also about ordinary people in unusual adventures;.
What are the three classifications of tales?	Myths, legends, and folktales.
What do myths explain us?	How the world was created, how people and animals came into existence, how important customs were established and preserved. They also explain all kinds of natural phenomena, from rainbows to sunrise.
What three great Mythical traditions have greatly influenced the western world?	Greek, Roman, and Norse myths.
True or false: the differences between a myth and a legend are vague.	True
Mythological characters are often ___________.	symbols
What is the purpose of a legend?	To entertain with a narrative supposedly based on a fact?
What is the purpose of a myth?	To show why things are as they are.
What do legendary characters represent?	themselves
What is a folktale?	a very broad term that includes all kinds of traditional narratives.
What is a major characteristic of a folktale?	Its long and continuing life.
The folktale is a ___________ narrative form.	universal
What were the names of three creatures which were half animal half person?	centaurs, sirens, and harpies.
Many of the egyptian gods were___________ headed.	animal
What are ballads?	Ballads resemble folktales, but they are more concise and more specialized.
What are two characteristics of a ballad.	They are meant to be sung and they tell a story.
What do the stories of ballads focus on?	A single incident.
True or False: Dialog is rarely included in a ballad?	False
What do all forms of folklore reflect?	The hopes, fears, beliefs, superstitions, skills, customs, and wisdom of the people.
Who are cloggers and smooth dancers?	People tat square dance.
Who was Antonin Dvorak?	A czech composer
Whar are examples of folk wisdom?	proverbs, riddles.
What do riddles embody?	humor and wit?
Yes or NO: Are riddles ancient?	Yes
What do Myths, legends and folklore reflect?	The collected wisdom of people around the world.
Gods and goddesses are most likely to appear in a _____.	Myth.
Where is the name Pluto taken from?	Legends of ancient Rome.
By the time of Homer the list of gods and goddesses was already _____ and ______.	rich, full
Who was Hesiod?	A poet who wrote a long poem about the gods and their origins.
True or false: Origin of greek myths go far back into the past.	True
Who was Janus?	The god of all gates and doorways that had two faces so that he could observe both the exterior and the interior of a home. He was also the god of departure and return.
Where does the Name January come from?	From the god Janus, because he was the god of beginnings and January marks the beginning of a year.
Was Roman Mythology influenced by Greek Mythology?	Yes
Which Mythology is more ancient Greek or ROman?	Greek
How was the earth created?	At the beginning there was chaos, then came Gaea(or earth), and then Uranus (or heaven) came into existence.
Who were the parents of the Titans?	Gaea and Uranus.
Who was Hyperion?	titan which was the god of the sun.
Who was Oceanus?	god of the oceans
Who was Iapetus?	father of Prometheus and Epimetheus
Who was atlas?	Titan which had to bear the heavens on his shoulders.
Who was cronus?	Son of Uranus which swallowed all of his children because he learned of a prophecy that one of them would overtake him.
Who caused the downfall of cronus?	Zeus
Who did Zeus call to help him govern the world?	Neptune and Pluto
What was the abode of all gods?	Mount Olympus.
Which goddess sprang from Zeus's head and what was she the god of?	Minerva(athena); she was the goddess of wisdom.
Who were the nine muses?	goddesses of music, dance, literature, and science.
What was the roman name of Zeus	Jupiter(or jove)
What was the roman name of Poseidon	Neptune
What was the roman name of Hera	Juno
What was the roman name of Hestia	Vesta
What was the roman name of Demeter	Ceres
What was the roman name of Athens (or Pallas Athena)	Minerva
What was the roman name of Apollo (or Phoebus Apollo)	Apollo
What was the roman name of Artemis	Diana
What was the roman name of Aphrodite	Venus
What was the roman name of Ares	Mars
What was the roman name of Hephaestus	Vulcan
What was the roman name of Hermes	Mercury
What was the roman name of Dionysus	Bacchus
What was the roman name of Persephone	Proserpine
What was the roman name of Eros	Cupid
What was the roman name of Eos	Aurora
What was the Roman name of Heracles	Hercules
What was the roman name of Hades?	Pluto
What was Zeus the god of?	Ruler of all gods and men.
What was Poseidon the god of?	God of the seas
What was Hades the god of?	Ruler of the land of the dead
What was Hera the god of?	Wife of Jupiter; queen of the gods.
What was Hestia the god of?	goddess of the hearth and domestic life
What was Demeter the god of?	Goddess of grain and harvest
What was Athena the god of?	Goddess of wisdom
What was Apollo the god of?	God of the sun; god of archery, prophecy, music
What was Artemis the god of?	Goddess of the moon
What was Aphrodite the god of?	Goddess of beauty and love
What was Ares the god of?	God of war
What was Hephaestus the god of?	God of fire
What was Hermes the god of?	God of speed; Messenger of the gods.
What was Heracles the god of?	God of strength
What was Dionysus the god of?	God of wine
What was Persephone the god of?	Wife of Plutp; queen of the dead
What was Eros the god of?	God of love: son of Venus
What was Eos the god of?	Goddess of the dawn
How were deserts formed?	Phaeton took his dads chariots and flew too close to the ground and burned some spaces of it.
Why do we have seasons?	We have seasons because Pluto wanted to marry Proserpine, the daughter of Ceres. Pluto stole Proserpine and Ceres became very upset about this and stopped harvesting the crops. She went to help to Zeus and an agreement was made that for each seed that Proserpine ate at the land of the dead she would stay in the land of the dead. So, the 6 months she stays at the land of the dead are fall and winter, and the 6 months that she is with Ceres are spring, and summer.
How was fire released into the world?	Prometheus and Epimetheus were assigned the job of creating man. Epimetheus gave everything to the animals and Prometheus decided to steal fire in order to gift the people.
What was Prometheus's punishment?	He was fastened with chains to Mount Caucasus and every day a vulture devoured his liver and the next day the liver grew back again and the vulture ate it again.
How was evil released into the world?	The gods gave Pandora a box which they warned her not to open. Since she was a human, she was very curious and opened the box and out of their flew crime, plague. desolation etc...
What was the gift Zeus offered Epimetheus?	A bride, Pandora.(mortal)
What was one thing that was left in the box that the gods gave Pandor?	hope
Why do many of the stars have arabic name?	A lot of great astronomers were arab.
True or False: All the planets do not have a Greek or ROman origin.	False
Who is the planet Mercury named after and why?	It is named after the god of speed because it seems to race around the sun making a revolution in 88 days.
Who is the planet Venus named after and why?	It is named after the goddess of beauty and love because it is the most beautiful of the planets.
Who is the planet Mars named after and Why?	It is named after the god of war because it is red like blood.
Who is the planet Jupiter named after and why?	It is named after the king of the gods because it is the largest planet .
Who is the planet Saturn named After?	It is named after a god who was the roman counterpart of Cronus.
Who is the planet Uranus named after?	It is named for the old god of the heavens.
Who is the planet Neptune named after and why?	It is named after the god of the seas because it reigns over the seas of space.
Who is the planet Pluto named after and why?	It is named for the god of the dead because it reigns over shadows and darkness.
What was Perseus's task?	To conquer the gargon medusa?
How did Perseus conquer the gargon Medusa?	He first came to the cave of the three sisters and insisted of them giving him the helmet of pluto which would make him invisible and the winged shoes and pouch of mercury. Then he used his shield so that he would not be looking at the Medusa. He beheaded her and took his trophy back to the king.
What does the Illiad tell about?	Tells the events near the end of the trojan war.
What does the Odyssey tell about?	relates the adventures of one of the greek heroes as he struggles to retuen home to greece.
What does the Aenid tell about?	relates to the adventures of the trojan hero aeneas after the fall of troy, and tells how he became founder of rome.
Who was the Aenid written by?	Roman Poet VIrgil
Who were the Illiad and the Odyssey written by?	Homer
Do we know that troy existed?	yes
The Illiad and Odyssey were epcics? True or FAlse	true
What was the trojan war fought about?	Helen
What was the mythological cause of the trojan war	During a wedding, which Eris was not invited to threw an apple which said to the fairest on it. Since Hera, Athena, and Aphrodite were all there they started a fight saying that they are the fairest. This was settled by Paris which was dressed as a sheppard. Each of the goddesses bribed him, but he accepted Aphrodite's offer of the most beautiful woman on earth to be his wife. Hera and Athena from that moment became enemies of troy. Helen, the most beautiful woman on earth, left with Paris to troy but her husband Menalaeus came to troy for her and started a war.
how long was the trojan war?	nine years
How did achilles die?	he was shot with an arrow into his heel which was the only unprotected part of his body.
What happened to menalaus and helen after the war.	They lived happily ever after as if nothing happened.
Who narrates the Odyysey	Odyseus?
How has Norse mythology been handed down to us?	Handed down by short inscriptions on wood, stone, bone, or metal. There inscriptions were written in runic characters, another type of alphabet. They were difficult to udnerstand because they were so short and compact. Pictures and scupltures also helped for clues.
Who were the two scholars who preserved Norse mythology and when did each live?	1st: Saxo Grammaticus. Lived in 12th century. He had written many Norse myths in his first six books in the history of Denmark. 2nd = Snorri Sturluson an Icelandic poet and historian. He lived in the 1220 and created a handbook for poets.
What was the most important influence which changed Norse mythology?	The most important influence was when it was transformed by Christianity
Who was the Norse god "Odin"?	Surpeme god. God of wisdom, culture, battle, victory, and death. He sat on his throne in Valhalla and had two messenger ravens which would fly across the world and at the end of the day would tell Odin how it was.
Who was the Norse god "Frigga"?	Odin's wife. Goddess of marriage, and special protectress of woman.
Who was the Norse god "Thor"?	God of thunder and strength, and a son of Odin. He was one of the most important gods.
Who was the Norse god "Tiu"?	God of courage and war and usually ranked next to Odin and Thor.
Who was the Norse god "Freya"?	Goddess of love and beauty and love songs were composed in her love and honor.
Who was the Norse god "Vidar?"	Silent god. Personification of the quiet forests.
Who was the Norse god "Brigai"?	God of poetry, Sang deeds of Midgard's foremost warriors.
Who was the Norse god "Balder"?	God of spring, gladness, and light. He was the most beloved of all the gods.
Who was the Norse god "Hoder"?	Twin brother of Balder. He was gloomy, silent, and blind. He was god of Winter.
Who was the Norse god "Loki"?	He was part of Norse myth but is said to be apart of the demon race.
Who were the original inhabitants of Britain and where did they go to escape the Norse men?	The original Celtic inhabitants of Britain were pushed westward, as the hordes of invaders settled in the fertile east.
When did the Norse invaders begin to invade Britain and how far did they expand their conquests?	The Norse invaders invaded Britain after the Romans abandoned it. Then they went to Denmark, Sweden, Norway, and Northern Germany and even sailed through the known world.
What are the roots of Norse mythology?	The roots of Norse mythology go back into prehistory, to the Bronze Age.
The names of which days of the week in English are derived from Norse mythology?	Influence on Norse invaders are reflected in the English words, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, and Friday. Thursday is Thor's day. Friday is Freya's day. In French for the word for Tuesday is Mardi, and in Spanish Martes. All are named for the Roman god Mars. Tuesday is Tiu's day and Wednesday is "Woden's Day" which is another spelling or saying for Odin.

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