vocab 2 unit 2 WC
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78 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 origin stories | tales that a group of people tell about where they came from and how the earth came to be |
| fundamentlism | Christians that believed the bible was true without error (no interpretation made it illegal to teach evolution |
| secularism | a doctrine that rejects religion and religious considerations |
| monotheism | belief in a single God |
| polytheism | belief in multiple Gods |
| deity | any supernatural being worshipped as controlling some part of the world or some aspect of life or who is the personification of a force |
| shamanism | an animistic religion of northern Asia having the belief that the mediation between the visible and the spirit worlds is effected by shamans |
| israel | an ancient kingdom of the Hebrew tribes at the southeastern end of the Mediterranean Sea |
| covenant | (Bible) an agreement between God and his people in which God makes certain promises and requires certain behavior from them in return |
| zionism | a policy for establishing and developing a national homeland for Jews in Palestine |
| abrahamic faiths | Christianity, Judaism, and Islam. |
| judaism | the monotheistic religion of the Jews having its spiritual and ethical principles embodied chiefly in the Torah and in the Talmud |
| ishmael and isaac | 2 sons of Abraham |
| exodus | a journey by a large group to escape from a hostile environment |
| sabbath/shabbat | the day from sunset on Friday until sunset on Saturday that is set aside for rest and religious celebration, as decreed by one of the Ten Commandments |
| kosher | food that fulfills the requirements of Jewish dietary law |
| torah | (Judaism) the scroll of parchment on which the first five books of the Hebrew Scripture is written |
| rabbi | a Hebrew title of respect for a Jewish scholar or teacher |
| semite | a member of a group of Semitic-speaking peoples of the Middle East and northern Africa |
| anti-semite | one hostile to Jews |
| diaspora | the dispersion of the Jews outside Israel |
| reform | ..., a change for the better as a result of correcting abuses |
| conservative | ..., a person who has conservative ideas or opinions |
| orthodox | ..., adhering to what is commonly accepted |
| martyr | ..., one who suffers for the sake of principle |
| messiah | ..., the awaited king of the Jews |
| abraham | ..., the first of the Old Testament patriarchs and the father of Isaac |
| jesus of nazareth | ..., a teacher and prophet born in Bethlehem and active in Nazareth |
| reformation | ..., a religious movement of the 16th century that began as an attempt to reform the Roman Catholic Church and resulted in the creation of Protestant churches |
| great schism | ..., a period of division in the Roman Catholic Church, 1378-1417, over papal succession, during which there were two, or sometimes three, claimants to the papal office |
| proselytizing | ..., trying to convert someone else to your religion |
| extra-bibical evidence | ... |
| shroud of turin | ..., a burial cloth with a photographic image of a crucified man, believed to be jesus |
| vatican | ..., the residence of the Catholic Pope in the Vatican City |
| hierarchy | ..., the organization of people at different ranks in an administrative body |
| mary magdalene | ..., sinful woman Jesus healed of evil spirits |
| cultural diffusion | the spread of cultural elements from one society to another |
| islam | ... |
| muslims | followers of Islam |
| allah | Muslim name for the one and only God |
| mohammed | the Arab prophet who founded Islam (570-632) |
| kabbah | most holy place in Mecca; contains the Black Stone of the Kaaba: a. Kaabe means "cube" b. Fell from the heavens to the ground c. Turned black because of the sins of man d. Important to the Muslims |
| revelations | striking disclosures |
| gabriel | (Bible) the archangel who was the messenger of God |
| koran | the sacred writings of Islam revealed by God to the prophet Muhammad during his life at Mecca and Medina |
| dome of rock | ... |
| temple mount | ... |
| sunni | one of the two main branches of orthodox Islam |
| shia | one of the two main branches of orthodox Islam |
| Sharia law | the code of law derived from the Koran and from the teachings and example of Mohammed |
| Halal | (Islam) meat from animals that have been slaughtered in the prescribed way according to the shariah |
| FIVE PILLARS | beliefs that all Muslims needed to carry out: Faith, Prayer, Alms, Fasting, and Pilgrimage |
| ramadan | (Islam) a fast (held from sunrise to sunset) that is carried out during the Islamic month of Ramadan |
| vedic faiths | Consists of Hinduism and Buddhism -The Vedas are India's oldest sacred writings and influenced the development of Hinduism. |
| buddhism | the teaching of Buddha that life is permeated with suffering caused by desire, that suffering ceases when desire ceases, and that enlightenment obtained through right conduct and wisdom and meditation releases one from desire and suffering and rebirth |
| hinduism | a body of religious and philosophical beliefs and cultural practices native to India and characterized by a belief in reincarnation and a supreme beingof many forms and natures, by the view that opposing theories are aspects of one eternal truth, and by a |
| reincarnation | the Hindu or Buddhist doctrine that person may be reborn successively into one of five classes of living beings (god or human or animal or hungry ghost or denizen of hell) depending on the person's own actions |
| atman | the individual soul |
| moksha | The Hindu concept of the spirit's 'liberation' from the endless cycle of rebirths. |
| karma | (Hinduism and Buddhism) the effects of a person's actions that determine his destiny in his next incarnation |
| yoga | a system of exercises practiced as part of the Hindu discipline to promote control of the body and mind |
| meditation | continuous and profound contemplation or musing on a subject or series of subjects of a deep or abstruse nature |
| prostrate | render helpless or defenseless |
| temple | (Judaism) the place of worship for a Jewish congregation |
| caste system | a social structure in which classes are determined by heredity |
| dharma | basic principles of the cosmos |
| GANGES River | an Asian river |
| veranasi | holy city; India |
| fasting | ... |
| 4 noble truths | 1. life contains suffering 2. cause of suffering 3. suffering can be "cured" 4. follow "middle way" (Eightfold Path) |
| 8-fold path | To reach Nirvana 1. right views, 2. intention, 3. speech, 4. actions, 5. living, 6. effort, 7. mindfulness, 8. concentration |
| enlightenment | a movement in the 18th century that advocated the use of reason in the reappraisal of accepted ideas and social institutions |
| siddartha guatama | ... |
| tibet | an Asian country under the control of China |
| DALAI LAMA | chief lama and once ruler of Tibet |
| SPECTRUM | broad range of related values or qualities or ideas or activities |
| PATRIARCHY | a form of social organization in which a male is the family head and title is traced through the male line |
| THEOCRACY | the belief in government by divine guidance |
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