Asian Empire Vocab
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Created by:
karliarmstrong on October 19, 2012
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40 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 karma | all the actions that affect a person's fate in the next life in Hindu belief |
| dharma | a person's religious and moral duties (hinduism) |
| Ahimsa | a Hindu belief in nonviolence and reverence for all life |
| reincarnation | the rebirth of the soul in another bodily form (hinduism) |
| moksha | the ultimate goal of existence which is to achieve union with brahman (hinduism) |
| caste | unchangeable social group into which a person is born |
| Varna System | the caste system of Hinduism; Brahmans (priests and educated), Kshatriyas (warriors and government leaders), Vaisyas (common people; merchants, artisans, farmers), Sudras (unskilled workers and slaves), and the Pariahs (conquered people considered impure, untouchables.) |
| Nirvana | in buddhist belief, union with the universe and release from the cycle of rebirth |
| Asoka | the most honored Maurya emperor and Chandragupta's grandson (built hospitals, shrines, edicts.) |
| Siddhartha Guatama | reformer that spread teachings across Asia that eventually became the core beliefs of Buddhism |
| Four Noble Truths | the four basic beliefs that form the foundation of Buddhism |
| Eightfold Path | the past one must follow to achieve Nirvana (buddhism) |
| Chandragupta Maurya | a young adventurer that forged the first Indian empire in 321 BC |
| Muhammad | founder and prophet of Islam |
| Quran | holy book of Islam |
| Mecca | a city in western Saudi Arabia, the birthplace of the prophet Muhammad, and the most holy city for Islamic people |
| Kaaba | the most sacred temple of Islam and is located at Mecca |
| Calligraphy | the art of producing beautiful handwriting |
| Hajj | one of the Five Pillars of Faith (islam) and is the pilgrimage to Mecca that all Muslims are expected to make at least once in their lifetime |
| Genghis Khan | chieftan that imposed strict military discipline and demanded absolute loyalty. He also led the Mongols out of Central Asia across southwest Asia. |
| Kublai Khan | the grandson of Genghis Khan who toppled the last song emperor in 1279 and ruled all of China along with Korea and Tibet |
| Marco Polo | an important adviser from Venice. He wrote a book about his visit to China which caused European in the far east. |
| Shinto | a principle religion in Japan that emphasizes the worship of nature |
| shogun | supreme military commander who held more power than the emperor (Japanese feudal society) |
| samurai | a member of the warrior class in Japanese feudal society |
| bushido | the code of conduct for samurai during the feudal period in Japan |
| Zen | the practice of meditation; a school of Buddhism in Japan |
| dynastic cycle | the rise and fall of Chinese dynasties according to the Mandate of Heaven |
| Shi Huangdi | the emperor of the Qin Dynasty who used legalism and built the Great Wall of China |
| civil service | a system that allowed anyone with the ability to attain public office |
| civil servant | government official |
| Confucius | thinker and teacher who developed a philosophy that dealt with worldly ideas and put filial piety above all other duties |
| Laozi | a thinker that founded Daoism and stressed that people focus on the way of the universe |
| Filial piety | the respect for parents |
| Tang Dynasty | lasted from 618 to 907 that helped to restore China's earlier glory |
| Tang Taizong | a brilliant general who became China's most admired emperor |
| tributary state | an independent state that has to acknowledge the supremacy of another state and pay tribute to its ruler |
| land reform | a breakup of large agricultural holdings for redistribution among peasants |
| Song Dynasty | was a Chinese dynasty from 960 to 1279 that was known for its artistic achievements and also improved trade |
| pagoda | a multistoried Buddhist temple with eaves that curve up at the corners |
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