Classical Era
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27 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 achilles | greatest of the Greek heroes at Troy |
| Hellenistic | relating to the civilization, language, art, science, and literature of the Greek world from the reign of Alexander the Great to the late 2nd century BC |
| Sochocles | ... |
| pheidippides | Runner that carried messages to Sparta and Athens and died inside of the Athenian gates after the Battle of Marathon; modern marathons are imitations of his 26 mile run |
| herodotus | The 'father of history'. He collected information from people who remembered events - Stressed the importance of research. |
| thermopylae | This was the battle at which the Greek forces lost. They were led by King Leonidas while Xerxes led the Persian forces. The 300 Spartans lost the battle but they fought to the last man. They ultimately lost the battle because a traitor showed them another way through the pass |
| stoicism | the philosophical system of the Stoics following the teachings of the ancient Greek philosopher Zeno -- emphasized reason as a means of understanding the natural state of things, or logos, and as a means of freeing oneself from emotional distress |
| satrapies | the 20 states into which Darius divided the Persian Empire |
| satrap | "protector of the kingdom" the governor of a province of the Persian Empire under Darius |
| the royal road | Ancient highway reorganized and rebuilt by the Persian king Darius I of the Achaemenid Empire in the 5th century B.C. Darius built the road to facilitate rapid communication throughout his very large empire. |
| darius | Persian ruler who brought order to the Persian Empire. He also built roads; established a postal system; and standardized weights, measures, and coinage. |
| zoroasrianism | monotheistic persian religion streessin dree will to chose whats right or wrong and later replaced by islam |
| nebuchanezzar | aggressive and rutheless king of New Babylon |
| immortals | 1 die, 1 replace |
| bhagavad gita | The most important work of Indian sacred literature, a dialogue between the great warrior Arjuna and the god Krishna on duty and the fate of the spirit. |
| stupa | Buddhist shrine that is shaped like a dome or mound |
| asoka | grandson of Chandragupta; most honored emperor for his commitment to spreading peace and prosperity to all; was buddhist but accepted other religions; decline came after his death |
| huns | Warlike people who migrated from Eastern Europe into territory controlled by Germanic tribes, forcing them to move into areas controlled by Rome |
| kushan kingdom | many wars happened and there were many rulers; the people benefitted from the trade that passed through their land, mostly from Romans and Chinese on the Silk Road |
| pax romana | A period of peace and prosperity throughout the Roman Empire, lasting from 27 B.C. to A.D. 180. |
| edict of milan | issued by Constantine in 313, ended the "great persecution" and legalized Christianity in the Roman Empire |
| crusades | a series of military expeditions in the 11th, 12th, and 13th centuries by Westrn European Christians to reclain control of the Holy Lands from the Muslims |
| infidels | unbelievers - referring to the Muslims |
| schism | division of a group into opposing factions |
| triumvirate | in ancient Rome, a group of three leaders sharing control of the government. |
| sadduces | favor cooperation |
| the byzantine empire | Eastern part of the roman empire that survived its downfall. It's capital was Constantinople (now Istanbul, Turkey) The official language was Greek. They had great architecture and loved the arts. |
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