| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Triple Alliance | Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy--all joined together because of imperialistic goals |
| Triple Entente | "agreement"--Britain, France, Russia--all joined together because of fear of Germany |
| Central Powers | Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, Turkey |
| Allied Powers | Britain, France, Russia, Italy, and later the United States |
| John Pershing | American General who commanded the American Expeditionary Force (AEF) |
| Ferdinand Foch | French Marshall who served as Supreme Allied Commander |
| Vladimir Lenin | he was helped by Germany to lead Russians in Communist Revolution; he promised peace to the Russians and pulled Russia out of the war |
| Armistice Day | November 11, 1918; Germany signed an armistice (an agreement to stop fighting); this US holiday is now known as Veterans Day |
| Fourteen Points | a set of guidelines by Woodrow Wilson to help rebuild European peace |
| League of Nations | was provided for in Wilson's Fourteen Points; an organization of cooperating nations to talk over problems and settle them peacefully, preventing future wars; US did not join |
| Reparations | payment for damages by the losers |
| Georges Clemenceau | met at Paris Peace Conference; the French premier; he wanted to make sure Germany was never strong enough again to hurt his country |
| David Lloyd George | met at Paris Peace Conference; represented Britain |
| Vittorio Orlando | met at Paris Peace Conference: represented Italy |
| Treaty of Versailles | 264 page treaty with Germany was detailed and blamed the entire war on Germany and forced Germany to pay for its actions; Woodrow Wilson was disappointed by some of the details |
| War Industries Board | organized the industrial production needed for the war |
| War Labor Policies Board | created by the US government to keep costs and wages under control for workers (laborers) |
| Doughboys | American troops |
| Big Four | Woodrow Wilson; Georges Clemenceau; David Lloyd George; Vittorio Orlando |
| Reasons Europe went to war | extreme nationalism--a devotion and pride in one's own nation; Imperialism; Militarism |
| Reasons US went to war | American sentiment favored the Allied cause; economic--to protect American investments; Allied propaganda--news came to America from mainly Britain and France; violation of America's Neutral Rights at sea; |
| June 28, 1914 | assassination in Sarajevo, Bosnia, of Archduke Francis Ferdinand, heir ot the Austro-Hungarian throne. WW I would soon follow |
| April 6, 1917 | United States entered WW I |
| August 1, 1914 | Germany declared war on Russia, and France joined with Russia against Germany and Austria-Hungary two days later |
| What new weapons were invented during this time? | tanks; poison gas; airplane; U-boats (underwater boats) |
| May 1915--sinking of the Lusitania | the British ship, Lusitania, was sunk without warning off the coast of Ireland; 1198 people died--128 of them American |
| Zimmermann Telegram | Arthur Zimmermann, German foreign minister, sent a telegram to the Geran minister in Mexico and said Mexico would be rewarded if it fought against the United States |
| Civilian efforts for the war | more women joined the work force; volunteer groups were formed to support the "boys" in France; memberships in American Red Cross multiplied; |
| How America raised money for the war | "Liberty" and "Victory" loan drives from the public; children sold produce; bought thrift stamps; |
| American response to the Treaty of Versailles | most Americans probably supported the treaty, many Senators were not pleased with it; because of the disagreements the treaty never did get passed; Congress simply stated the war over |
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