Chapter 18
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Created by:
exquiste915 on December 11, 2009
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22 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 inferior courts | the lower federal courts beneath the supreme court |
| Jurisdiction | the authority of a court to hear a case |
| concurrent jurisdiction | power shared by federal and state courts to hear certain cases |
| plaintiff | in civil law, the party who brings a suit or some other legal action against another in court |
| defendant | in a civil suit, the person against whom a court action is brought by the plaintiff |
| original jurisdiction | the power of a court to hear a case first, before any other court |
| judicial restraint | a judicial philosophy in which supporters believe that judges should decide cases based on the original intent of the Framers or those who enacted the statute involved in a case or on precedent |
| precedant | court decision that stands as an example to be followed in future similar cases |
| judicial activism | a judical philosophy in which supporters believe that judges should intrepret and apply provisions in the constitution and in statue law in the light of ongoing changes in conditions and values |
| criminal case | a case in which a defendant is tried for committing crime as defined by the law |
| civil case | a case involving a noncriminal matter such as a contract dispute or a claim of patent infringement |
| docket | a courts list of cases to be heard |
| record | a transcript of proceedings made in trial court |
| writ of certiorari | an order by a higher court directing a lower court to send up the record in a givin case for review |
| certificate | a method of putting a case before the supreme court |
| brief | detailed written statements filed with the court before oral arguments are presented |
| majority opinion | officially called the opinion of court |
| concurring opinion | written explanation of the views of one or more judges who support a decision reached by a majority of the court by wish to add ot emphasize a point that was not made in the majority decision |
| dissenting opinion | written explanation of the views of one or more judges who disagree with a decison reached by a majority of the court |
| court martial | a court composed of military personnel for the trial of those accused of violating military law |
| civilian tribunal | a court operating as part of the judicial branch entirely seperate from the military establishment |
| redress | satisfaction of a claim payment |
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