History Final Slavery-Independence
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45 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Black Sea/Balkan slavery | caused by severe shortage of agricultural and domestic workers throughout Europe due to bubonic plague, famines and other epidemics |
| alternative to Black Sea region | Sub-Saharan Africa |
| sugar and slavery | between 300-2000 black slaves delivered to Lisbon to work on sugar plantations |
| Madeira and Canary Islands | used to grow sugar |
| role of African kings in slave trade | sold black slaves to European merchants |
| death rate on slave ships prior to 1700s | 20% |
| insider/outsider theory | cheaper to transport from Africa |
| disease and African slaves | africans developed immunity to diseases, making them suitable workers |
| european countries that dominated slave trade | portugal, england |
| wind patterns | transatlantic wind pattens partly determined exchange routes |
| asiento | contract between a slave merchant and a colony |
| triangular trade | slave trade between europe, africa and the americas |
| coffle | grouping of chained up slaves |
| middle passage | trip across the atlantic |
| slave ships | disease, smell and constant fear of violence and the unknown |
| Oladuah Equiano | slave that documented his time spent on the ship |
| profitability of trade | profitability decreased because of industrial revolution and beet sugar |
| British women | very active in abolitionist movement |
| Parliament 1807 | declared slave trade illegal |
| US 1808 | illegal to import slaves into US |
| end of slave trade | economic situation changes, cost of sugar drops, industrial revolution |
| Eric Williams | scholar who looked at slavery from an economic perspective |
| apartheid | separation of races in South Africa |
| Muhammed Ali | leader in Egypt |
| Suez canal | canal connected Mediterranean Sea and Red Sea |
| ivory and rubber | valued commodities of Congo |
| motives for imperialism | technological developments, belief that a nation not in expansion is in decline, raw materials, humanitarianism |
| technological advances that facilitate imperialism | machine gun, railroads/steamboats, telegraph, quinine |
| scramble for Africa | the scramble between Britain, France, Germany and Italy to colonize Africa |
| Liberia and Ethiopia | only african nations that remained independent |
| Berlin Conference | conference that established the principle that Europeans' claims to African territory had to rest on effective occupation in order to be recognized |
| imperial governments and local values | system weakened or shattered the traditional social order and challenged accepted social values |
| good government | law and order, strong authoritarian government, small army and african police force, suppression of ethnic warfare, protect life and property, modern bureaucracy |
| economic goals of imperialism | to draw african interior into the world economy of terms favorable to dominant Europeans |
| results of railroads | easy shipment of raw materials, quick movement of troops, allowed african peasants to earn wages, linked coastal trading centers to outposts in interior |
| timing of independence movements | only portuguese colonies remained after wwii, reaction against western imperialism and growth of african nationalism |
| african nationalism | caused by western intrusion, did not begin until 1920s |
| WEB Dubois | first black man to receive PhD from Harvard, organized Pan-Africanism congresses in Paris |
| Pan-africanism | promotion of solidarity among all blacks and the eventual self-governing union of all African peoples |
| Marcus Garvey | most influential Pan-Africanist voice |
| negritude movement | racial pride |
| characteristics of New African elite | more racial and humbler in social origin, advanced education, influenced by western thought |
| colonial boundaries and freedom | avoid border disputes, achieve independence asap |
| kwame nkrumah | leader of Ghana independence movement |
| independence and white settlers | main problem in some colonies was remaining white settlers |
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