1.
27 B.C - 180 A.D.: the Roman Peace (Pax Romana) occurs in Rome (beginning and end)
2.
44 B.C.: Second Triumvirate forms
3.
44 B.C.: Julius Caesar assassinated on March 14, ......
4.
60 B.C.: First Triumvirate forms
5.
96 - 180: the Five Good Emperors rule Rome (beginning and end)
6.
133 B.C.: Romans conquer Greece
7.
220: Han dynasty ends
8.
300 years: How long did Hugh Capet and the Capetians rule France?
9.
323 B.C.: Alexander the Great dies
10.
400s to 1500s in which the classical age ended and began the modern world: Define "Middle Ages"
11.
431 B.C. - 404 B.C.: Peloponnesian War fought (beginning and end)
12.
469 B.C.: Socrates born
13.
476: last Roman emperor overthrown
14.
500 B.C. - 479 B.C.: Persian wars fought
15.
509 B.C.: Roman republic founded
16.
528 B.C.: Siddhartha Guatama becomes Buddha
17.
550: Gupta rule ends in India
18.
562 B.C.: end of Nebuchadnezzar's reign
19.
570: Muhammed born
20.
632: Muhammed dies
21.
753 B.C.: according to legend, founding of Rome by Romulus and Remus
22.
776 B.C.: first Olympic Games held
23.
814: Charlemagne dies
24.
1000 B.C. - 700 B.C.: the Homeric Age in ancient Greece (beginning and end)
25.
1050 B.C.: Zhou dynasty established in China
26.
1096 - 1291: Crusades fought (beginning and end)
27.
1215: Magna Carta signed
28.
1215: In what year was the king of England forced to sign the Magna Carta?
29.
1271: Yuan dynasty founded in China
30.
1309 - 1377: Babylonian Captivity takes place (beginning and end)
31.
1337 - 1453: Hundred Years War fought (beginning and end)
32.
1347 - 1351: Black Death sweeps through Europe (beginning and end)
33.
1431: Joan of Arc burned at the stake
34.
1440: Moctezuma I begins his rule of the Aztecs
35.
1453: end of the Byzantine Empire
36.
1455 - 1485: War of the Roses fought (beginning and end)
37.
1485: Tudor dynasty founded in England (end of the War of the Roses)
38.
1492: Reconquista completed
39.
1517: Martin Luther posts the 95 Theses
40.
1519 - 1522: first circumnavigation of the Earth (beginning and end)
41.
1545 - 1563: Concil of Trent meets (beginning and end)
42.
1555: Peace of Augsburg signed
43.
1607: settlement of Jamestown established in English colonies
44.
1620: Pilgrims land at Plymouth
45.
1688: Glorious Revolution occurs
46.
1692 - 1693: Salem witch hunt occurs (beginning and end)
47.
1707: England and Scotland unite with the Act of Union
48.
1740 - 1780: Maria Teresa rules Austria (beginning and end)
49.
1755 - 1781: American Revolutionary War occurs (beginning and end)
50.
1762 - 1796: Catherine the Great rules Russia (beginning and end)
51.
1770: Boston Massacre occurs
52.
1776: Adam Smith writes the Wealth of Nations
53.
1776: the American colonies declare independence from England
54.
1789: U.S. Constitution ratified
55.
1796: the White Lotus Rebellion begins
56.
1800's: Germany and Italy were politically unified in what century?(individually)
57.
1839 - 1842: Opium War takes place (beginning and end)
58.
1867: Tokagawa shogun falls from power in Japan
59.
Agora: Marketplace in Greece
60.
Agreement that limited imperial power and gave popes tha power to name bishops but emperor could appoint bishops: What was the Concordat of Worms and what did it say?
61.
Aix-la-Chapelle: Where did Charlemagne establish his capital?
62.
Amenhotep: changed his name to Akhenaton
63.
Analects: collection of the teachings of Confucious
64.
ancient stone: what does Paleolithic mean?
65.
Archimedes: Hellenistic scientist; calculated pi, explained how levers worked, invented a water screw, and developed a theory about water displacement
66.
Aristocracies: Greek city states controlled by nobles
67.
Aristotle: author of Ethics and Poetics; founded a school called the Lyceum
68.
Athens: state that formed the Delian League
69.
Attila the Hun: in 451, led an assault on Gaul
70.
Augustus: Roman emperor at the time of Jesus Christ's birth
71.
Bishops: Heads of the Catholic Church in major cities
72.
Book of the Dead: scrolls that served as a guide for the afterlife in ancient Egypt
73.
boyars: Nobles who advised the prince in Russia
74.
Buddhism: religion associated with the Four Noble Truths and the Eightfold Path
75.
burgesses: Merchants and professional people from towns or cities
76.
Bushido: Code of behavior for samurai
77.
Caesar, Pompey, and Crassus: three members of the first triumvirate
78.
Cambodia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam: What modern nations make up Indochina?
79.
canon law: The code of law in the Catholic Church
80.
capital: Wealth that is earned, saved, or invested to make profits
81.
chinampas: Raised fields by Aztecs made from mud
82.
chivalry: Code of conduct that dictated knights behavior toward others
83.
Circus Maximus: a very large and well-known racetrack in ancient Rome
84.
civil service: Centralized system that runs day to day business of government
85.
common law: Law based upon customs and judges decisions rather than upon written code
86.
commonwealth: A republic
87.
constitution: Document outlining the basic rights and laws that govern a nation
88.
Crete: island where Minoan civilization arose
89.
Czar: Title take by Ivan the Terrible, Russian for Caesar
90.
Daimyo: Powerful local lords in Japan
91.
Dao De Jing: collection of the teachings of Laozi
92.
Democracy: Government in which people rule
93.
Democritus: developed atomic theory
94.
Dictator: Absolute Ruler
95.
divine right of kings: Belief that God chose kings to rule a nation
96.
Donald Johanson: discovered Lucy in 1974
97.
Dowry: Goods brought into a relationship by the women
98.
Draco: wrote Athens's first law code
99.
Du Fu: What poet wrote "A Song of War Chariots"?
100.
early 1300's: Mansa Musa rules Mali (I couldn't find an exact date; this is a period of time)
101.
Edict of Milan: granted religious freedom to Christians in 312
102.
enlightened despot: System of government in which an absolute ruler rules according to the principles of Enlightenment(applying the scientific method)
103.
Ethics: Study of what is good and bad
104.
Euclid: author of Elements
105.
Excommunication: Official edict that bars a person from church membership
106.
executive branch: Branch of government that is headed by the president and enforces laws
107.
Export: A product sold to another country
108.
extraterritoriality: Exemption of foreigners from the laws of the country in which they live or do business
109.
federal system of government: System in which power is divided between a central government and individual states
110.
feudalism: Political system of local government based on the granting of land in return for loyalty, military assistance, and other services
111.
fief: Grant of land given to a vassal from a lord
112.
France: present day name of Gaul
113.
France and Germany: What is Gaul known as today?
114.
free trade: Practice based on the belief that the government should not restrict or interfere with trade
115.
genealogy: Record of family history
116.
gentry: Landowners in England who had social positions but no titles
117.
geocentric theory: Theory according to Ptolemy that the Earth is the center of the universe
118.
Golden Age: Era of cultural progress in Greece in the 400s B.C.
119.
Golden Horde: What did the Europeans call the Mongol Invaders of the 1200s?
120.
Gospels: the first four books of the New Testament
121.
guerrilla warfare: Military technique relying on swift raids by small bands of soldiers
122.
habeas corpus: Legal rights protecting individuals from arbitrary arrest and imprisonment
123.
Hadrian: built a wall in Britain to protect it from invasion
124.
Hadrian: Roman emperor who put down the last major Jewish revolt during Rome's reign in 135
125.
Hammurabi: babylonian king starting in 1792 B.C.; had a harsh law code of 282 laws
126.
Hannibal: Carthaginian leader in the second Punic War
127.
Hastings in 1066: At what battle and in what year was Harold of Wessex defeated by Duke William of Normandy(William the Conqueror)?
128.
Heinrich Schleimann: German man who confirmed that the Trojan War was an actual event
129.
heliocentric theory: Theory developed by Copernicus that the sun is the center of the universe
130.
Hellenic culture: describes the culture in Greece
131.
Hellenistic culture: describes the culture that spread to other places from Greece
132.
Henry I: What English king set up the department of the exchequer?
133.
Henry II: What English king became an enemy of Thomas Becker over the issue of trying clergy in royal courts?
134.
Henry II: What English king married Eleanor of Aquitaine?
135.
Heresy: Opinion that conflicts with official church beliefs
136.
Herodotus: father of history
137.
Hijrah: Migration of Muhammed and his followers in AD 622, marking the first year on the Muslim calendar
138.
Hippocrtaes: father of medicine
139.
Homer: blind poet and author of the Odyssey and the Iliad
140.
House of Lords and House of Commons: What are the two houses of England's Parliament?
141.
Howard Carter: discovered King Tut's tomb
142.
hubris: excessive pride
143.
humanists: People who specialize in studying the humanities, which includes grammar, history, poetry, and rhetoric
144.
Icon: A picture of Jesus, Virgin Mary, or a saint
145.
Import: A good shipped in from another country
146.
indulgences: Paid pardons from punishment for sin
147.
Inflation: Rise in prices by a decrease in the value of a medium exchange
148.
Jean-Francois Champollion: decipherer of the Rosetta Stone
149.
Jesus: man whose teachings is the basis for Christianity
150.
Jihad: Teaching of Islam to defend the faith
151.
Judah in the north and Israel in the south: the the two kingdoms of Israel after their split in 900 B.C.
152.
judicial branch: Branch of government that interprets and applies laws
153.
junks: large Chinese ships
154.
King John: What king was forced to sign the Magna Carta?
155.
Kyoto: In 794, the Japanese built a capital named Heian-kyo which became what modern city?
156.
Laozi: founder of Daoism
157.
Latin: considered the mother of the romance languages
158.
legislative branch: Branch of government that makes laws
159.
Leo III in 800: When was Charlemagne crowned emperor of the Franks and who crowned him?
160.
Liu Bang: founder of the Han dynasty
161.
lover of wisdom: definition of philosopher
162.
Mahayana: which is fancier; Theravada or Mahayanna Buddhism?
163.
manorialism: Economic system during the Middle Ages that revolved around sufficient farming estates where lords and peasants shared the land
164.
Martyrs: Persons put to death for their beliefs
165.
Matrilinear: Tracing your ancestry through the mother's side
166.
medieval: The period of western European history known as the Middle Ages
167.
Menes: united Egypt into one kingdom in 3200 B.C.
168.
military: center of Spartan culture
169.
Monte Cassino: Where did Benadict establish a monastery?
170.
Moses: recieved the Ten Commandments at Mount Sinai
171.
Moses: led the Hebrews out of Egypt in the Exodus
172.
mosques: Muslim place of worship
173.
Mycenaeans: group that conquered Minoans around 1400 B.C.
174.
Nero: Roman emperor who blamed Christians for a fire that ravaged Rome; played the fiddle while it burned
175.
Nile: what is the longest river in the world?
176.
No, the Koreans were overtake by the Chinese for much of history: Has Korea always been an independant nation, never ruled by other groups?
177.
north of the Iberian peninsula: location of Gaul
178.
northern India: location of the Ganges river
179.
Octavian: given name of Augstus, the first Roman emperor
180.
Octavian, Antony, and Lepidus: three members of the second triumvirate
181.
Odysseus's journey home from the Trojan War: subject of the Odyssey
182.
Oracles: Ancient Greeks believed that gods spoke through priests and priestesses
183.
Otto I: Who was the first Holy Roman emperor?
184.
Parliament: What was the name of France's representative body which was made up of three social classes called?
185.
Parthenon: temple in Athens built to honor Athena
186.
Patrician: Powerful roman landowners who controlled society
187.
Pedagogue: A male slave who taught a boy manners in Ancient Greece
188.
Pericles: man that helped Athens reach its peak; served from 461 B.C. to 429 B.C.
189.
Persia: group of people who helped Sparta win the Peloponnesian War
190.
Pesistratus: a tyrant in Athens between 546 B.C. and 527 B.C.
191.
Phalanx: Military formation composed of rows of soldiers standing shoulder to shoulder with spears
192.
Phillip II of Macedon: father of Alexander the Great
193.
philogy: History of literature and language
194.
philosophes: Thinkers of the Age of Enlightenment
195.
Philosophy: Study of basic questions of reality and human existence
196.
pictographic, which became Sanskrit: name of the Indo-Aryan writing system
197.
Plato: author of the Republic; founded a school called the Academy
198.
Plebians: Farmers and workers who made up the majority of the Roman population
199.
Polis: A greek term for a city state which was developed around a central fortress
200.
Pompeii: city buried in the eruption of Mount Vesuvius
201.
Pope: Head of the Catholic Church, means father
202.
popular sovereignty: Governmental principles based on just laws and on a government created by and subject to the will of the people
203.
Potlatches: Ceremonial gatherings of Native Americans and Pacific Northwest
204.
primogeniture: System of inheritance from father to eldest son for ownership or possession of land
205.
Punic Wars: the name of the wars between Rome and the people of Carthage
206.
purple people: Phoenicians
207.
Pythagoras: calculated a theorem to find the missing side of a right triangle
208.
queue: Single braid characterized the hairstlye of Chinese men in the Qing dynasty
209.
quipu: Kind of knotted string string used as a memory aid by the Inca
210.
Rabbis: Religious scholars of Judaism
211.
reform for the public: Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus are known for this
212.
Republic: Form of government in which voters elect people to run the government
213.
Rhetoric: Study of public speaking and debating
214.
Saint Augustine: Who wrote "City of God"?
215.
Saint Patrick: What man is credited with bringing Christianity to Ireland in 432?
216.
Samurai: Japanese warrior hired for protection of lords
217.
scholasticism: Medieval philosophy attempting to bring together faith and reason
218.
sea dogs: Adventurous group of sea captains from the late 1500's
219.
selfish and untrustworthy: legalists believed that man was.....
220.
Seppuku: Form of ceremonial suicide by defeated or disloyal samurai
221.
serfs: Peasants who were bound to the land where they worked for a lord
222.
Shogun: Chief military and governmental officer in Japan
223.
Siddhartha Guatama (Buddha): founder of Buddhism
224.
Silk Road: trade route from China to the Mediterranean Sea
225.
Socrates: philosopher who drank hemlock to end his life after being convicted of corrupting Athenian youth
226.
Sophocles: author of Oedipus Rex
227.
Sparta: winner of the Peloponnesian War
228.
subsidies: Government grants of money
229.
Sui and it linked north and south China: During which dynasty was the Grand Canal built and what did it link?
230.
Sung dynasty: In 960, Zhao Kuangyin established what dynasty?
231.
tariff: Import taxes on goods
232.
Temujin: What was Genghis Khan's original name?
233.
the Five Good Emperors: Nerva, Trajan, Hadrian, Antonius Pius, and Marcus Aurelius
234.
the Roman Peace: translate Pax Romana
235.
the Ten Commandments: held in the Ark of the Covenant
236.
the time before written language: what is prehistory?
237.
the Trojan War: subject of the Iliad
238.
theocracy: Government ruled by religious leaders claiming God's authority
239.
they used purple dye: why were the purple people called this name?
240.
Thousands: Japan is made up of how many islands?
241.
Thucydides: fair and accurate writer of History of the Peloponnesian War
242.
tithe: Church tax collected from Christians in early times that represnted one tenth of one's income
243.
Torah: the first five books of the old testament
244.
Treaty of Verdun: What treaty divided Charlemagne's empire amongst his grandsons?
245.
Triumvirate: Political alliance of three rulers
246.
Tyrants: Rulers who seized power by force but had the support of the people
247.
Universal Ruler: What does "Genghis Khan" mean?
248.
usury: Policy of charging high interest on loans
249.
vassal: Person granted land from a lord in return for services
250.
vernacular languages: Everyday speech that varies from place to place
251.
Zealots: people that encouraged rebellion against Rome because they believed outside influences posed a danger to their religion
252.
Zeno: established the Stoic philosophy
