History final 12/16/09
About this set
Created by:
stellaaa on December 15, 2009
Subjects:
Description:
I got some of my definitions from Elizabeth O'Donnell's study guide. Thanksssss
there will be more added in a while
Classes:
Archer Seniors of '12, Archer class of 2012
Log in to favorite or report as inappropriate.
Order by
47 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Crusades | series of wars for Holy land against the Christians and the Muslims |
| Printing Press | invented by Johannes Gutenburg in 1450. made producing books cheaper and faster |
| Secularism | The belief in material things instead of religious things. This was a shift away from Medieval thinking. |
| The Medici of Florence | a banking family, who loaned money to everybody |
| Humanism | an intellectual movement that turned attention away from God and towards man, which focused on man as God's (greatest) creation |
| Individualism | stressed personality, uniqueness, the fullest possible development of human potential |
| Secularism | a basic concern with the things of this world rather than with other worldly matters. (the church became secular; luxury for popes) |
| The Protestant Reformation | a movement led by Martin Luther that challenged papal authority, reframed christian practices, redefined christian ideas, and resulted in the collapse of the Roman catholic hegemony |
| 95 theses | Arguments written by Martin Luther against the Catholic church. They were posted on October 31, 1517. |
| indulgences | when people would pay the priest to escape, or have less time in perdition |
| Charles V | Holy Roman Emperor, nephew of Catherine of Aragon, excommunicated Luther |
| Henry VIII | concerned about his succession, created the church of england to marry Anne Boleyn |
| Catherine of Aragon | First wife of Henry VIII, could not reproduce a male baby to be the heir to Henry VIII's thrown, came from a very wealthy family |
| Act of Supremacy | the law in england that established the church of england and made Henry in charge of it |
| Anglican Church | Church of england, Henry VIII was the head of it |
| Protestantism | the movement that Luther created which set up new churches |
| aztec empire | present day mexico |
| ruler and capital of aztec empire | Montezuma, Tenochtitlan |
| Huitzilopochtli's Cult | Aztec's state of religion that necessitated constant warfare against neighboring peoples to secure captives for sacrafice and laborers for agricultural and infrastructual work. |
| Huitzilopochtli | The aztec sun god |
| Hernan Cortas | a brash determined spanish conquistador who crossed from hispanola to mexico |
| Tribute burden | Aztecs had to pay tributes to the capital by sending people there to be sacraficed |
| Higher tribute | sparked greater resentment and fresh revolt |
| Solar calendar | perfect year (impressed spanish) |
| Cortes' Advantages | experience, horses, cannons |
| Montezuma's Mistake | refrained from attacking spaniards as they got closer to his capital |
| Inca empire | Present day peru |
| ruler and capital of inca empire | Atahualpa, Cuzco |
| 3 Inca estates | Suns, Inca (political leaders), people |
| Land tendency | did not own land (leased) each year the land was renewed |
| Quipo | the way they recorded information, using knots |
| Machu Pitchu | discovered by an american, Hirum Bingum |
| Fransisco Pizarro | conquered peru |
| Cajamarca Conflict | the town where pizarro and atahualpa met |
| Pizarro's advantage | weapons, guns, cannons |
| Caravel | A small, highly maneuverable three-masted ship used by the Portuguese and Spanish in the exploration of the Atlantic |
| Christopher Columbus | seeking a new trade route to Indies (while Ottomans were taking over). Queen of spain paid for voyage, always thought he found Asia |
| The colombian Exchange | the exchange of animals, plants, and diseases between the old and new worlds |
| Coquistadores | "conqueror" referring to spanish soldier-explorers who sought to conquer the new world |
| La Malinche | Aztec noble girl, who was sold to a Mayan merchant and learned how to speak the Mayan language; helped build alliances and translated for Cortes, had a some with Cortes (big impact on mixed races) |
| Mercantilism | colonial economic practice |
| quinto | 1/5 of all precious metals, mined in the americas the crown claimed |
| ecomienda system | the spanish set up a system whereby the crown grated the conquerors the right to employ groups of people; disguised form of slavery |
| potosi | mine owners lived in luxury, miners work in deplorable condition |
| Viceroyalty | four administrative units of spanish possessions in the americas (new spain, peru, new granada, la plata) |
| viceroy | administrative division |
| audiencia | presided over the viceroy, the 12-15 judges who served as an advisory council and as the highest judicial body |
First Time Here?
Welcome to Quizlet, a fun, free place to study. Try these flashcards, find others to study, or make your own.