1st Semester Exam - Biology - Review Part 1
About this set
Created by:
lioradickter on December 16, 2009
Log in to favorite or report as inappropriate.
Order by
37 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Biology | The study of the science of life |
| Cells | The basic unit of structure and function in all living things |
| Reproduction | The production of offspring |
| Homeostasis | The regulation of an organism's internal environment |
| Adaptation | Any characteristic that's inherited from changes to a species over time |
| Science | Is a body of knowledge based on the study of nature |
| Hypothesis | A testable explanation of a situation |
| Matter | Anything that has mass and takes up space |
| Chemistry | The study of matter |
| Atoms | The building blocks of matter |
| Element | A pure substance that cannot be broken down into other substance by physical or chemical means |
| Compound | A pure substance formed when two or more different elements combine |
| Chemical Bonds | Forces that hold substances together |
| Molecule | A compound in which the atoms are held together by covalent bonds. |
| Enzymes | Special proteins that are biological catalysts that speed up the rate of chemical reactions in biological processes |
| Carbohydrate | Sources of energy composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen that include simple sugars |
| Lipid | Substances made up of carbon and hydrogen and they store energy and make up fats, oils, and waxes |
| Amino acids linked together by peptide bonds | What is a protein made up of? |
| Macromolecules | Large molecules |
| ATP | A storehouse of chemical energy that can be used by cells in a variety of reactions |
| Plasma Membrane | Is a special boundary in a cell that helps control what enters and leaves the cell |
| Organelles | Specialized structures that carry out specific cell functions |
| Nucleus | Where is genetic information in the cells contained? |
| Cytoplasm | The environment inside the plasma membrane is a semi-fluid material |
| Ribosomes | They are made up of RNA and protein. They are produced in the nucleolus. Some are free-floating and others are attached to the ER. |
| Is a membrane system of folded sacs and interconnected channels that serves as the site for protein and lipid synthesis | What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum? |
| It's an organelle that is a flattened stack of membranes that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins into sacs which then fuse with the plasma membrane to release the proteins into the environment outside the cell | What does the golgi apparatus do? |
| Vacuole | An organelle used for storage. |
| Digests old organelles and food | What does the lysosome do? |
| Centrioles | A group of microtubules that function during cell division |
| Organelles that capture light energy and convert it into chemical energy by photosynthesis | What do chloroplasts do? |
| Mitochondria | It's nickname is the "powerhouse" of the cell. It converts sugars into energy for the cell. |
| Cell Walls | They are only found in plants cells. They protect and support the cell. |
| Cilia | Are short, hair-like projections used for movement |
| Flagella | Structures used for movement that are long and move a cell with a whip-like motion |
| Diffusion | The movement of particles from an area of greater concentration to an area where there are fewer particles |
| Transport proteins move ions and small molecules across the membrane. This process does not require energy. Also known as passive transport. | What happens in facilitated diffusion? |
First Time Here?
Welcome to Quizlet, a fun, free place to study. Try these flashcards, find others to study, or make your own.