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3 traditional paths (ways) of Hinduism: To achieve moksha; 1) Karma = right action 2) Bhakti = devotion 3) Jana = Knowledge
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Animating an Image: All gods are different characteristics
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Aranyaka: Each veda has it's own Brahmana, Aranyaka, and Upahnishads
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Arjuna: A warrior who must fight without attachment to the consequences of his actions. His duty (dharma)
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Aryan/Dravidian: Language of the Hindu's
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Atharva Veda: One of the four vedas; collection of hymns and magical formulas
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Atman: Your true self. The unity that preserves through all your differences.
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Atman - Brahman: When you achieve Moksha, you are united with your Atman - Brahman
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Avatar: In the story about Rama; Avatar comes down to earth
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Bhagavad Gita: One of the epics (text); teaches about Dharma
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Brahma: One of the three principle gods in the Hindu trinity. Creator- lotus flower that creates the world.
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Brahman: The ultimate reality that underlies all phenomenon.
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Brahmana: Each veda has its own Bradmana, Aranyaka, and Upahnishads
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Brahmin: A priest - 1st rank in caste system
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Caste: Born into a caste and your goal is to be the best you can be within that caste
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Darshan: Seeing the deity and the deity is seeing you. Through puja, darshan is enacted
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Devotion (Bhakti): One of the three paths to Moksha
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Dharma: Your duty - you should strive to perfect your dharma
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Dharma Shastra: Gives information about the caste system
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Durga: The most powerful manifestation of Devi is Durga. One who destroyed the buffalo god by taking all the weapons of the other gods.
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Duty (Karma): Karma is what keeps the cycle of Samsara going. You must stay true to your dharma to receive good karma.
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Ganesha: THe elephant- headed god Shiva and Parvati's child.
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Garuda: Vishnu rode Garuda, like an eagle winged man, Vishnu's vehicle, so large it could block the sun.
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Kali: When Parvati was angry, she became Kali. Tongue soaked in blood and eyes rolled back. Shiva had to stop her from killing all the gods.
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Kalki: White house that will come at the end of days
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Karma: Right Action - One of the three paths to Moksha.
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Knowledge (Jana/Yoga): One of the three paths to Moksha.
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Kurma: Encarnated form of Vishnu; turtle.
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Lakshmi: Vishnu's wife. She represents fertility, thus she holds grain in her hand. (harvest)
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Linga: Looks like a penis, because associated with male power. (Shiva)
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Mahabharata: Story of the civil war between Pandava brothers
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Matsya: Encarnated form of Vishnu; fish
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Moksha: Liberation from the cycle of Samsara
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Pandava: Went to war in the story from book about Arjuna and dharma/duty
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Parvati: Shiva's wife. When she becomes angry she turns into Kali.
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Puja: (emotional worship) act performed in front of a statue. The god can see what you are doing, because you are inviting the spirit of the god to inhabit the object. Through puja, darshan is enacted.
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Purana: Overwhelming collection; geneologies of the God, construction of the world, geneologies of kings and heros, records of pilgrimages to sacred sites, all within a big narrative
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Ramayana: Story of king Rama, but he's often considered to be one of the incarnations of Krishna
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Rig Veda: Collection of hymns to mundane gods; reveals much about their ancient culture (historic content)
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Sama Veda: Collection of songs based on rig veda
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Samhita: A part of each Veda
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Samsara: The vedas tell us how to escape this. (the cycle of birth, life, death, and rebirth)
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Sanskrit: 1500 B.C. - Rise of a new language and culture. Ayran sanskrit
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Seeing, touching, and Hindu Worship: Hinduism doesn't have unified, agreed on set of beliefs - not written
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Shakti/Devi: Shakti is another word for Devi. Devi is another word for female goddess. The most powerful manifestation of Devi is Durga.
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Shiva: Destroys the world, but everytime there is destruction, there is creation. So Shiva is the god of destruction and creation. Often depicted as a linga.
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Smirti: memorized tradition (story)
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Sruti: that which is heard directly (story)
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The "Hindu Trinity": Brahma-creator, Vishnu - sustainer or preserver, Shiva - destroyer
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The Indus Valley: Where the Hindu tradition originated
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The Museum Effect: Replacing values for artistic/asthetic values not for religious views - religion made into art
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The term/meaning Hindu/Hinduism: Anyone who lived in India who practiced a tradition other than Muslim, Christianity, Sikh, and Jane. Often one who reads the Vedas and follows their practices.
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UNtouchables: THe least important caste. They were seen as unclean and were shunned. People weren't even allowed to walk through their shadow.
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Upanishads: Each Veda has its own Brahmana, Aranyaka, and Upahnishads.
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Vedas: "Books of Knowledge" ; A popular definition of a Hindu; IN the process of settling into the Indus Valley, the Aryans composed the Vedas
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Vishnu: THe supreme diety; from his navel there arises a locus flower. Often depicted asleep on a snake. When he wakes up, he creates the world. Vishnu creates the world through Brahma.
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Yajur Veda: Collection of prose that are used in rituals; Two types: Black-mixture of prose and verse, and White- verse only
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Yoga: Yoga sutras are in the vedas- Jana
