APEH Midterm

Terms	Definitions
a virulaent plague that struck 14th century Europe	The Black death refers to:
WAs preceded by years of famine that weakened the populace	The Black Death:
noble landholders	Which social group suffered the greatest decline in power as a result of the plague?
limited wages to pre-plauge levels	The Statute of Laborers:
landed nobility and the church	What 2 groups were the traditional "containers" of monarchy?
It ended with a decisive English victory	What is not tru of the Hundred Years' War?
three times the population of England and was much richer	In the mid-fourteenth century, France had:
internal destiny	The primary reason for early French failure in the Hundred Years' War was:
longbow	The use of this medieval weapon proved to give the English the tactical advantage in the war:
peasants	The burden of the Hundred Year's War fell mostly on the:
temporal authority was "subject" to the spiritual power of the Church	The papal bul Unam Sanctum declared that:
how the papacy was held in political bondage	The phrase "Babylon Captiviy" refers to"
Charles V	The Great Schism was supported by:
deposed both the Roman and Avignon popes, and elected a new pope	In 1409 the Council of Pisa:
the Mongols	Between 1243 and 1480, Russia was ruled by:
Boyars	Wealthy landowners in medieval Russia were known as:
Islam	What was the official religion of the Mongols that occupied Russia?
Venice	Which of the following cities played a key role in the trade between europe and the near east?
depotisms	Social strife and competition for political power became so intense within the cities that most evolved into:
Ciompi Revolt	This occured in 1378 as a result of the unbearable conditions for those at the bottom of the society and the disruption caused by the Black Death:
orators and poets	The first humanists were:
Florence	Cosmo de' Medici brough stability to this city after his rise to power in 1434
Francesco Petrach	He was known as the "father of humanism":
Greek studies	Which of the following was the most important intellectual recovery made during the Italian Renaissance?
Vincent Van Gogh	All of the following were great masters of the High Renaissance EXCEPT:
Rapael	Who is considered the "father of Renaissance painting"?
Leonardo da Vinci	His most famous painting is the Mona Lisa
include Venice despite the Papal States' anger	The Treaty of Lodi did all of the following except:
Spain; Spain won all four major battles	The Habsburg-Valoid wars were wars fought between France and:
He did not believe that the Italian political unity and independence were ends that justified any means	Which is not true of Machiavelli?
townspeople	A new alliance between monarchs and this group helped break the bonds of feudal society.
ravage the nobility	King Louis XI did all except:
They were hostile to classical culture	All of the following characterized northern humanists except:
Martin Luther	Erasmus had a profound effect and influence upon this individual:
Spain	Humanism prepared the way for Protestant reforms in all of the following countries except:
Columbus expected his first landfall to be:	Japan
central Mexico	By the time of the Spanish conquest, the Aztecs ruled almost all of:
shipping, agriculture, and mining	Which of the following are the 3 major components of the colonial economy of Latin America?
Switzerland and Germany	The Reformation broke out first in the cities of:
urban society was increasingly atheistic	Contributing factors to lay criticism of the church included all of the folllowing except:
all members were expected to take special religious vows and to wear a special religious dress	which of the following statements is untrue of the ideology and practice of the Brothers of the Common Life?
Thomas a Kemis	This writer summarized the philosophy of the Brothers of the Common Life in what became the most popular religious book of the period, the Imitation of Christ:
was a son of a successful miner	Martin Luther
a remission of the temporal penalty imposed on peniments by priests as a work of satisfaction for their confessed mortal sins	an indulgence was:
sparked the Reformation in Germany	Luther's 95 theses:
by faith alone	The Freedom of a Christian, written by Martin Luther, summarized the new teaching of salvation:
no one	When German peasants revolted in 1524-1525, they won the support of:
Ulrich Zwingli	The Reformation in Zurich was led by:
Amish	Anabaptists are the 16th-century ancestors of which of the following modern groups:
the ruler of a land would determine the religion of the land	The Peace of Augsburg recognized in law what had already been established in practice,:
made Anne Boleyn's children the legitimate heirs to the throne	The Act of Succession:
the Capuchins	Recognized by the pope in 1528, this group sought to return to the original ideals of st. Francis and became popular among the ordinary people to whom they directed their ministry:
submit without question to higher church authority and spiritual direction	Ignatius of Loyola taught good Catholics to:
they completely disagreed with said sentiments	which of the following statements characterizes Protestant views of the popular anti-woman and anti-marriage literature of the Middle Ages?
spent several years as a slave	Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra:
Don Quixote	Which novel is Cervantes most well known for?
the ruler of the land would determine the religion of the land	The Peace of Augsburg recognized in law what had already been established in practice:
Elizabeth I of England	The most successful politique was:
the capture of the French king Francis I at the Battle of Pavia	What sparked the first wave of Protestant persecuation in France?
the Bourbons, the Montmorency-Chatillions, and the Guises	Who were the 3 powerful families that sought the French monarchy after the death of king henry II?
one-fifteenth of the French population	Huguenots made up about:
the duke of Guise surprising a Protestant congregation in Champagne and massacring many worshipers	What event starkly marked the begining of the French wars of religion?
publicly abandoning the Protestant faith and embracing Catholicism	King Henry stunned France, Spain, and the pope by
the spanish armada was sent to invade england	Hostilities between Spain and England reached a climax in 1588 when:
a growing demand and limited supply caused prices and inflation to rise	What statement most accurately describes the general state of the Spanish economy in the late 16th and early 17th centuries?
the Meditterranean and the Turkish threat	during the first half of his reign, Philip II focused on:
Thirty-Nine Articles	Passed by Queen Elizabeth I, this was a revision of Thomas Cranmer's works that made moderate Protestantism the official religion within the Church of England
England assembled a large army that rivaled that of Spain	Which didnt contribute to the outbreak of war between England and Spain?
the execution of Mary, Queen of Scots	What event immediately triggered Pope Sixtus V to give support to Spain"?
the defeat of Spanish Armada	What event weakened the Spanish dominance in europe, from which Spain never fully recovered?
Francece	Following the weaking of Spain, which nation dominated Europe approximately in the early 17th century
ruled by separate entites with their own tariffs, tolls and money	16th cenury Germany was:
CAtholice power	Bavaria was a major center of:
Bohemia	The thirty year's war broke out first in:
Germany	Due nto its central location, this nation had always been Europe's highway for merchants and traders going north, south, east and west:
German Calvinism	In the 1560s, Heidelberg was an intellectual center for:
Bavaria is to the Counter-Reformation as the Palastine is to PRotestantism	Which analogy is most accurate?
a revolt of Protestant nobility against an unpopular king	The Thirty YEArs' War began as:
revoke the religious freedoms of the Bohemia Protestants	One of the first actions Ferdinand took as a king of Bohemia was to:
was about equally divided between Catholics and Protestants	By 1600, the population of the Holy Roman Empire:
Peace of Prague	This treaty brought the Swedish period of the war to an endL
Spain	The seven provinces that became the United Provinces of the Netherlands emerged as a nation in 1572 after revoltijng against this nation:
Tolerations marked the Dutch religious life where peoples of differeing religious faiths lived together peacefully	Which is true of the Netherlands
economic prosperity	What aspect of the Dutch society most impressed 17th century contemporaries?
parliamentary monarchy and political absolutism	What were the 2 most important models of European political development in the early modern period?
increased the costs of war, and governments across Europe found different ways to adapt	changes in military structure and technologies:
he was openly Catholic	what is not true of James I
his declaration of war against Spain shortly before his death	what did not rouse suspicion of James' foreign policy?
Parliament would meet and confer at least every six months, regardless of whether it was summoned by the monarch	The Petition of Rights required all except:
Scotland	Charles I might have ruled indefinetly without Parliament had his religion policies not provoked war with:
a Puritan republic	Under Oliver Cromwell, England was officially:
the Anglican Church and the monarchy	After Cromwell died in 1658, the English were ready by 1660 to restore:
announce his conversion to Catholicism, and in exchange Louis XIV promised to pay Charles a substantial subsidy	In the Treaty of Dover, Charles II and Louis XIV's secret agreement called fore Charles II to:
Charles II	This king issued the Declaration of Indulgence which permitted free worship:
William and Mary were proclamed English monarchs	Which even occurred directly after the Glorius Revolution?
God	According to advocates of the "divine right of kings" kings only be judged by:
the execution of a majority of the Protestant nobility	The revocation of the Edict of Nantes resulted in all except
attempt of the nobility to use its authority to limit the power of the monarchy	The chied feature of 18th century French political life was the:
Hohenzollern dynasty in Prussia	what dynasty is correctly identified with the region it ruled?
All things considered, Poland's government was remarkably effective	What is not true of 17th and 18th century Poland?
Frederick William	He was known as the Great Elector:
Brandenburg	What was not a part of the Austrian Habsburg Empire in the 18th cent?
time of troubles	The reign of Ivan was immediately followed by the:
lost much of their power	under the rule of Peter the Great, Russia's boyars:
the expansion of Russian territory in the Baltic	Russian victory in the Great Norhern War led to:
exemplified Russia's new orientation to the west	St. Petersburg:
Estonia, Livonia, and part of Finland	Under the Peace of Nystad in 1721, Russia gained control of :
they possessed the highest level of commercial skills in the empire	Over the years, Ghimmis in the Ottoman Empire obstained economic success because:
millets	The ottoman sultans ruled their empire through administration units called:
it was not rapid	What is true of the scientific revolution?
astronomy	During the 16th cent., the discoveries that most captured the public imagaination were made in:
Nicolaus Copernicus	He published On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres and rejected the notion of an earth-centered universe:
Ptolemy and Aristotle	In the early 16th cent, the standard explanation of the place of the earth in the heavens combined the work of:
tested to see if it was what he actually observed	Newton was a mathematical genius, but before he upheld a theory he thought it should be:
the world can be explained in mechanical metaphors	Many proponents of mechanism believed:
Francis Bacon	he is known as the father of empiricism:
mind	Descartes divided existing things into 2 categories, body and
self-centered, power-hungry creatures	Hobbes saw human beings as:
trust	In Locke's view, the relationship between rulers and governed had as its foundation:
astronomy	Maria Winkelmann made her contributions in the field of:
1992	the catholic church admitted that errors had occured in the 1633 trial of Galileo in:
it is best to beleive God exists and stake everything to gain the lot; if God should prove not to exist, comparatively little will be lost.	According to Pascal's famous wager:
70,000 to 100,000	how many people were sentenced to death for witchcraft or harmful magic between 1400 and 1700?
religious split and warfare threatened the security of society and the witches were the scapegoats of a social panic	Based on ur knowledge of the text, which is the most plausible cause of the witch hunts?
they threatened the social order	the witch hunts ended because among other things:
elderly or widowed women	The 16th cent midwifery was a trade pursued by:
papal Rome	Baroque are first emerged in:
he had Roman Catholic sympathies	Charles I's employment of Rubens illustrated to the people of England that:
Louis XIV's palace at Versailles1	The most elaborate baroque monument to political absolutism was:
the social, political and economic relationships that had were prevalent in Europe before the french revolution	the term old regime has come to refer to:
a politically-active middle class	Which is not a basic characteristic of pre-revolutionary europe?
one to five percent of the population	in 18th cent europe, the nobility consisted of approxiamately:
Austria	the smallest, wealthiest and best defines aristocracy resided in:
income tax	french novles were responsible for payment of the vingtieme, which resembles what modern-day tax?
robe	french nobles were divided b/w nobles of the sword and nobles of the:
land	the economic basis of 18th cent life was:
family economy	in pre-industrial europe, the economy of a household that developed on farms, in artisans' workshops, and in small merchants' shops and was known as the:
neocalism	the process in which children in their young teens wud leave their nuclear family, learn a trade and eventually marry their own indeoendent household known as:
the family economy didnt dominate the life of skilled urban artisans	what is not true of the family economy?
the number of illigitimate births seems to have decreased during the 18th century	what is not true of children in the 18th century?
slowly but steadily rose	during the 18th century bread prices
potato	introduced to the new world, this new product allowed more certin food supply in europe and enabled more children to survive to adulthood and rear children of their own:
appeal to contemporary christians to sell products to cleanse their outward appearance during their servies	during the industrial revolution, consumption wasnt automatic so manufacturers did all to seel their product except:
great britain	the single largest free-trade are in europe during the 18th cent was:
textiles	what industry pioneered the industrial revolution?
britain	the industrial revolution came first to:
capitals and ports	in the years b/w 1600 and 1750, the cities grew more vigorously were:
wash only the parts of their bodies that cud be seen in ublic	from the middle ages thru the end of the 18th cent medical manuals advised people to
Poland, Lithuania, and Ukraine	in the 18th cent. and thereafter the jewish population of europe was concentrated in:
were discriminated agaisnt	until the late 18th cent. european jerws who did not convert to Christianity
locke and newton	the 2 most important influences on enlightenment thought were:
england	this nation was significantely freer than any other european nation at the beginning of the enlightenment:
public opinion	an xpanding literate public and the growing influence of secular printed materials created a new and increasing influential social force called:
taking too limited a role in a national politics	philosophes criticized the christian church for alll except
the belief in an after	2 major points in the deists creed were

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APEH Midterm

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