NP: Biology 0.5 Unit 3 Ch.7
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27 terms
Sundanese | English |
|---|---|
| Anton van Leeuwenhoek |  Created the first microscope. |
| Robert Hooke | Named/Discovered cells. He looked into a slice of cork. He thought that the chamber looking things looked like cell in a monastery. |
| Robert Brown | Discovered the nucleus. Saw a blob in the middle of the cell. |
| Matthais Scheiden | Stated plants are made out of cells. |
| Theodor Schwann | Stated animals are made out of cells. |
| Rudolf Virchow | Stated all cells arise from preexisting cells. |
| Living things | Are composed of cells. |
| Cells | Basic units of structure and function in living things. |
| Preexisting cells | All cells come from this... |
| Cell Membrane | -Controls what materials pass into and out of the cell = "Selectively Permeable" -Made from primarily of lipids and proteins. (Phospholipids) |
| Cytoplasm | -Contains various organelles -Area between the cell membrane and nucleus. "Jelly-like" material. |
| Cell Wall | (Plants ONLY) -Supports and protects the cell -Rigid structure outside the cell membrane -Made of cellulore. |
| Nucleus | -Stores hereditary info (DNA) -Control center -Most prominent organelle. |
| Nucleolus | Where ribosomes are sythesized -Found within the nucleus -Made of RNA and protein. |
| Nuclear Envelope | -Double membrane that surrounds the nucleus. |
| Cytoskeleton | -Gives the cell structure; helps maintain shape and size -Network of protein strands (Scaffold) |
| Microfilaments | Long, thin fibers that function in the movement and support of the cell |
| Microtubules | hollow tubes of protein, support the cell and moves organelles within the cell |
| Ribosomes | -Sites of protein sythesis - Most numerous organelles - Made of RNA and protein in the nucleus and transport to the cytoplasm |
| Endoplasmic Reticulum | -Moves molecules from one part of the cell to another -Intracellar highway -System of membranous tubules and sacs. |
| Golgi Apparatus | -Processing, packaging, and secreting organelle -Works with the (ER) -Modifies protein for export. |
| Lysosome | -(Animals ONLY) -Digests carbohydrate, lipids, RNA, and DNA. -Known as the "clean-up crew" / "Suicide sac"of the cell. |
| Vacuole | -Fluid-filled organelle that stores enzymes and metabolic wastes -Can occupy up to 90% of the cells volume. |
| Chloroplast | -(Plants ONLY) -Traps energy of the sun and converts it into chemical energy. |
| Mitochondria | -"Power House" -Transfer energy from organic compounds to ATP (main energy currency) -Inner membrane has many long folds (Cristae) |
| Centrioles | -(Animals ONLY) -Used in cell division -Made of microtubules -Arranged in nine groups of three. |
| Cilia and Flagella | -Hair-like organelle that extends from the surface of a cell to assist in movements. |
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