AH II - 10th grade Mid-term
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81 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Homestead Act | 1862 US gov't land given to settlers who agree to stay on it for at least five years |
| Roosevelt Corollary | warned European countries not to interfere in the western hemisphere, just like the Monroe doctrine |
| Panama Canal | started in 1903, links the Atlantic to the Pacific, was originally part of Columbia before it was Panama |
| Imperialism | a stronger nation dominating a weaker nation |
| Guam & Puerto Rico | acquired by the United States after the Spanish American War |
| Open Door Policy | helped encourage trade with China |
| Platt amendment | helped make Cuba a protectorate, after the Spanish American War Cuba gained it's independence |
| William Jennings Bryan | Populist & Democratic presidential candidate.."cross of gold speech" |
| Jane Addams | opened the Hull House in Chicago to help those in need |
| King of Ragtime | Scott Joplin |
| Charles Darwin | the strongest will survive |
| John D. Rockefeller | owned & operated Standard Oil |
| closed shop | only hires union workers |
| Thomas Edison | inventor of the lighbulb, founded General Electric co. |
| Haymarket Riot | led to decreased membership in the Knights of Labor |
| GNP | total amount of goods and services a country produces |
| monopoly | a company has complete control of an entire market |
| time zones | were established in 1883 to make the railroad service more reliable |
| Laissez-faire | the gov't won't interfere in the economy unless it is necessary to keep peace or protect property rights |
| Andrew Carnegie | Carnegie Steel (US Steel), gospel of the wealth |
| barbed wire | ended the long cattle drive and open range |
| Chief Joseph | " I will fight no more" Nez Perce native that surrendered to US solider and sent to Oklahoma |
| George Custer | killed at battle of the Little Big Horn by Lakota |
| Sitting Bull | Lakota Sioux chief killed for performing the Ghost Dance |
| boomtowns | quick growing communities that grew around the discovery of mineral deposits |
| buffalo | main source of food for Great Plains Indians, US soliders ordered to kill the buffalo to encourage Indians to settle on the reservation ending the Open range |
| Dawes Act | US gov't sponsered land grants for farming |
| dry farming | attempt by settlers to grow crops on the Great Plains that required little rain fall |
| 17th amendment | allowed for the direct election of senators by the voters |
| 16th amendment | income tax amendment |
| 18th amendment | prohibition of sale and transport of alcohol |
| 19th amendment | women's suffrage |
| 21st amendment | repeal of prohibition |
| repeal | to revoke or take back |
| 20th amendment | "Lame Duck" Jan 20th inauguration day for incoming president |
| Socialists | believe in gov't owned businesses |
| Federal Reserve System | gov't controls of the money supply |
| Progressives | tried to reform social, political and economic (lassize-faire) problems in society es |
| muckrakers | journalists who exposed problems during the Progressive movement |
| arbitration | a third party helps to resolve a dispute, used in union disputes |
| President Wilson's peace plan | Fourteen points |
| Zimmerman telegram | Germany's telegram to Mexico, one cause for the US entering WWI |
| Sussex Pledge | Germany's promise to stop sinking US ships prior to US entering WWI |
| National War Labor board | established to prevent strikes during the war effort |
| Franz Ferdinand | heir to the Austria-Hungary empire that was assassinated, touched off the start of WWI |
| rapid-fire machine guns | led to troops using trench warfare |
| "Big-Four" | US, France, Great Britain & Italy |
| selective service act | draft of men ages 21-30 |
| War propaganda board | agency to encourage citizens to support the war effort |
| Bolsheviks | took power in Russia and established a communists gov't |
| President Harding | "Return to Normalacy", Ohio gang, Tea Pot Dome Scandal, died in office |
| Henry Ford | used the assembly line to manufacture the Model T & made cars affordable by keeping the cost low |
| Sacco & Vanzetti | were found guilty due to nativism and the fact they were anarchists |
| Scopes Trial | was about a Biology teacher beinf put on trial for teaching evolution |
| Harlem Renassiance | celebration of African American arts, music & literature during the 1920's |
| Emergency Quota Act & National Orgins Act | limited immigration |
| Tea Pot Dome Scandal | dealth with Hardings cabinet taking bribes from a private company to use gov't owned land to drill for oil |
| Cotton Club | Harlem nightspot |
| Stock market crash 1929 | lending to speculators, rapid sellingof stock, buying on margin |
| Dust Bowl | drought of the Great Plains, farmers were also suffering from falling crop prices |
| Bonus Army | veterans who marched on Washington during the depression wanting their bonus money from the gov't, violence, death, national guard called in |
| buying on margin | paying a faction of the cost of a stock |
| speculators | buying stocks at a low price hoping to sell them at a profit |
| bank holiday | closure of banks to avoid a bank run |
| Securities & Exchange Commission | established after the stock market crash to regulate the stock market |
| Roosevelt's court packing scheme | attempt to pack the judicial branch with judges that favored New Deal legislation |
| New Deal | FDR's plan to recover from the Great Depression |
| fireside chats | FDR's radio addresses to inform the public of his intentions |
| deficit spending | FDR's economic plan that abandoned the idea of a balanced budget |
| Gilded Age | covered in a thin layer of gold, looks good on the outside but underneath corruption & poverty |
| Ellis Island | Immigration station of the East |
| political machines | political party that is tied to local gov't ex "Boss Tweed" |
| Gross national product | the total value of goods and services produced by a country in a year |
| Spanish American War | 1898 conflict, Remember the Maine, resulted in US imperalism of Cuba, Puerto Rico & Guam |
| jingoism | extreme nationalism & aggressive foreign policy |
| Allied Powers | Britain, France, Russia, Italy, US |
| Central Powers | Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire |
| Eugene Debs | head of American Railway Union |
| Atlanta Compromise | Booker T. Washington, giving basic education to blacks in exchange to not press for equality. |
| naturalism | theory challenging Dawinism, some circumstances are beyond one's control. |
| Wabash vs. Illinois | 1886 supreme court case, limted states ability to control interstate trade/commerce |
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