Buss Med Term Ch. 2 Medical Terms
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45 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 physiology | study of the functions of body structures |
| ventral | refers to front or belly side of the body |
| dorsal | refers to the back of the organ or body |
| anterior | situated in front, forward or front side of organ |
| posterior | situated in back, back part of an organ |
| cephalic | toward the head |
| caudal | toward the lower part of the body |
| homeostasis | body processes used to maintain constant internal environment |
| abdominopelvic | area covered by the abdominal and pelvic cavities together |
| hypochondriac | area below the ribs on the left and ride side of body |
| epigastric | area located above the stomach |
| lumbar | area between the ribs and pelvis on left and ride side of body |
| iliac | area of the body over the left and right hip bones |
| hypogastric | area below the stomach |
| retroperitoneal | located behind the peritoneum |
| cytology | study of all aspects of cells |
| cytoplasm | material within cell membrane, except for nucleus |
| genetics | study of transmission of genes from parent to child and role of genes in health and disease |
| histology | study of all aspects of tissues |
| histologist | specialist who studies organization of tissues at all levels |
| adipose | fat tissue |
| aplasia | defective development or congenital absence of organ or tissue |
| hypoplasia | incomplete development of an organ or tissue due to low number of cells |
| anaplasia | change in the structure of cells and their orientation to one another |
| dysplasia | abnormal development or growth of cells, tissues, organs |
| hyperplasia | enlargement of an organ or tissue due to abnormal increase in the number of cells |
| hypertrophy | increase in the bulk of an organ or body part due to the enlargement in the size of the cells |
| exocrine | secrete chemical substances into ducts that lead to other organs or out of the body |
| endocrine | secrete hormones into the bloodstream to be transported to other parts of the body |
| adenitis | inflammation of a gland |
| adenocarcinoma | malignant tumor that started in glandular tissue |
| adenoma | benign tumor at looks like glandular tissue |
| adenomalacia | abnormal softening of a gland |
| adenosis | any diseased condition of a gland |
| adenosclerosis | abnormal hardening of a gland |
| adenectomy | surgical removal of a gland |
| pathology | study of the nature and cause of disease that involves changes in structure and function |
| pathologist | physician who uses tissue samples to confirm or establish a diagnosis |
| etiology | study of the causes of diseases |
| epidemiologist | specialist who studies outbreaks of diseases in populations |
| endemic | ongoing presence of disease with a population, group, or area |
| epidemic | sudden, widespread outbreak of a disease within a specific population |
| pandemic | outbreak of a disease occurring over a large geographic area |
| idiopathic | illness without known cause |
| peritonitis | inflammation of the peritoneum |
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