AP Psychology Chapter 7: Cognition

5 Written Questions

1. largest memory capacity and duration; stores material organized by meaning
2. memory that has been processed with attention and can be consciously recalled
3. memory distortion as the result of deliberate or inadvertent suggestion
4. distortion of memory by suggestion or misinformaiton
5. information is actively reviewed and related to information already in LTM

5 Matching Questions

1. method of loci
2. chunking
3. implicit memory
4. eidetic imagery
5. persistence

1. a memory that was not deliberately learned
2. b especially clear form of memory; "photographic memory"
3. c organizing pieces of information into smaller, more meaningful units
4. d mnemonic device that involves associating items on a list with a sequence of familiar physical locations
5. e memory problem in which unwanted memories cannot be put out of mind

5 Multiple Choice Questions

1. forgetting that occurs when an item in memory cannot be accessed or retrieved
   1. blocking
   2. encoding
   3. chunking
   4. priming
2. clear and vivid long-term memory of an especially meaningful event
   1. sensory memory
   2. procedural memory
   3. episodic memory
   4. flashbulb memory
3. tendency to respond to a new problem in the strategy used for a previous problem
   1. concepts
   2. aptitudes
   3. mental set
   4. recall
4. retrieval method in one must identify present stimuli as being previously presented
   1. concepts
   2. chunking
   3. recognition
   4. encoding
5. idea that the brain is an information-processing organ that works like a computer
   1. whole method
   2. computer metaphor
   3. semantic memory
   4. implicit memory

5 True/False Questions

1. retrieval → one of the three basic tasks of memory; involves location and recovery of information

   True        False

2. anchoring bias → one of the three basic tasks of memory; involves modification of information

   True        False

3. hindsight bias → faulty heuristic that estimates probabilities on information that can be recalled

   True        False

4. availability bias → faulty heuristic that estimates probabilities on information that can be recalled

   True        False

5. concept hierarchies → mental representations of categories of items or ideas based on experience

   True        False