Unit IV: Political Organization of Space
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Created by:
astamatoiu on January 11, 2010
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final review
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50 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 area of land not controlled by a specific country | Frontier |
| ability for a country to have control over its internal and external affairs | Sovereignty |
| city that acts and operates as a country | City-state |
| the four things that need to be in place in order for a country to exist | Population, borders, sovereignty, and territory |
| piece of territory that is not contiguous with the main part of a state | Exclave |
| area of a country that is dominated by a minority ethnicity from a country nearby | Enclave |
| country that has no access to an ocean or sea | Land-locked |
| name for a tiny country such as Andorra | Micro-state |
| nation that is divided among a number of states such as Kurdistan | Stateless nation |
| many borders in North Africa are an example of this type of boundary | Geometric Boundary |
| many borders in the eastern United States are an example of this type of boundary | Rivers (water bodies) |
| many borders in Europe are an example of this type of boundary | Linguistic Boundary |
| boundary that was established before the cultural landscape emerged | Antecedent |
| capital city moved to the interior such Brasilia or Islamabad | Forward Capital |
| forces that unite a country | Centripetal forces |
| forces that break/divide a country | Centrifugal forces |
| large political entity breaking into smaller units | Devolution |
| tendency for countries to surrender some of their sovereignty to organizations such as the European Union | Supranationalism |
| state where all the power lies in the federal government | Unitary |
| state where political power is divided into different levels of government | Federalism |
| state where the provinces have more power than the federal government | Confederation |
| conference that established the boundaries for Africa | Berlin Conference |
| area or city that has been settled by different cultures though out history for example New Orleans | Sequent Occupance |
| with respect to territorial morphology, Chile is a great example of... | Elongated state |
| with respect to territorial morphology, Indonesia is a great example of.... | Fragmented state |
| in this type of state the distance from the border to the capital is never very far | Compact state |
| Oklahoma, Namibia, and Afghanistan are examples of this shape of state | Prorupted state |
| name three physical features used as boundaries | Water, mountains, and deserts |
| name three types of cultural boundaries | Geometric, language, and religion |
| type of gerrymandering that creates districts that make it easier for minority candidates to get elected | Stacked vote |
| type of gerrymandering that spreads opposition support across many districts | Wasted vote |
| type of gerrymandering that concentrates opposition supporters into a few districts | Excess vote |
| control of territory already occupied and organized by an indigenous society | Imperialism |
| process in which a more powerful ethnic group forcibly removes a less powerful one in order to create an ethnically homogenous region | Ethnic Cleansing |
| identity with a group of people that share distinct physical and mental traits as a product of common heredity and cultural traditions | Ethnicity |
| loyalty and devotion to a state | Nationalism |
| state whose territory corresponds to that occupied by a particular nationality | Nation-state |
| process by which a state breaks down through conflicts among its ethnicities | Balkanization |
| identity with a group of people that share legal attachment and personal allegiance to a particular place as a result of being born there | Nationality |
| the concept that ethnicities have the right to govern themselves is known as | Self-Determination |
| a boundary that was created after the establishment of the cultural landscape is known as | Subsequent boundary |
| largest ethnic group in the United States | Hispanics |
| legal system in South Africa that separated races | Apartheid |
| name the only perforated state in Africa | South Africa |
| name the most ethnically diverse country in the world | Russia |
| area fought over by both India and Pakistan | Kashmir |
| name the island in the Mediterranean Sea that has been divided between Greeks and Turks since 1974 | Cyprus |
| NATO stands for | North Atlantic Treaty Organization |
| condition where roughly equal strength between opposing alliances is maintained | Balance of Power |
| after WWI the boundaries of Europe were redrawn to reflect as closely as possible | Linguistic and Cultural patterns |
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