| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Islam | Literal Definition=obediance through submission to the will of Allah. Religion of Muslim people |
| Allah | God in Islam |
| Muslims | followers of Islam |
| Muhammad | Messenger of God "The Prophet". Born in Mecca and was a trader and trusted one. Angel Jibril told him "there is no God but Allah" |
| Mecca | Founding city of Islam (where the spread of Islam started with Muhammad) |
| Medina | The city Muhammad migrated to |
| Abu Bakr | friend of Muhammad that established the Muslim teaching of Muhammad and told everyone to worship Allah, not Muhammad because Muhammad was dead and Allah would never die. First Caliph. |
| Hijrah | journey Muhammad took from Mecca to Medina and the beginning of the Muslim calendar. |
| caliph | sucessor that is not recognized by Shi'ite Muslims |
| muezzin | caller to worship |
| imam | leader of worship |
| Koran (Qur'an) | Most holy book of Islam that includes the word of Allah revealed to Muhammad. Written after Muhammad's death that has a theme of Allah=power. Guidance about how people should live. Written in arabic using calligraphy and is very decorative. Koran is supposed to be read everyday and people have to wash before touching it. |
| Sunnah | Sacred writing that reports the words and deeds of Muhammad and is a seperate book from the Koran. It is not religious, but more of a "biography" on the life of Muhammad. |
| predestination | Allah's authority over human destiny. You should do the will of Allah, not your own will. |
| Five Pillars/Hajj | Hajj is the journey to Mecca a person is supposed to take at least once in their lifetime. Some people travel to Mecca every year. |
| Ramadan | celebrates the revelation to Muhammad and is a month of fasting when you cannot eat when the sun is shining. |
| mosque | the building in which you pray which is lead by the muezzin and the imam calls you to pray. |
| star and crescent | crescent=Islam's lunar calendar; star=represents the Koran which describes the signs of Allah |
| Art | Muslims are not allowed to draw religious pictures of people/against the koran. There are lots of geometric patterns. |
| Id-ul-Fitr | holiday that marks the end of Ramadan and shows thankfulness for blessings and help during the fast |
| Id-ul-Adha | celebrates Ibrahim's (Abraham) loyalty to Allah. Shows Allah's mercy towards people. Can be celebrated when on the Hajj or at home. |
| Shari'ah | literally means clear, strait path and it is a scripture showing the religious laws of Islam. Its sources are the Koran and the Sunnah. Many Islamic countries use it as their religious set of laws |
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