H- Modern History: Chapter 22- The Industrial Revolution: Bold Words
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Created by:
volsfan435 on January 12, 2010
Subjects:
history, industrial revolution, world history, european history
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23 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Industrial Revolution | a term first coined by awed contemporaries in the 1830s to describe the burst of major inventions and technical changes they had witnessed in certain industries |
| Spinning Jenny | a simple and inexpensive cotton machine that helped with the cotton industry |
| Water Frame | created by Arkwright and employed a different principle that had more power and more spindles on it |
| Body Linen | another name for underwear because it was made from expensive linen cloth |
| Steam Engine | used coal to produce steam, and were used to help drain out water in mine shafts |
| Coke | an unlimited source that was a substitute for coal but was made from coal |
| Rocket | the first effective locomotive that was developed in 1816 and finished in 1825 which went down the Liverpool and Manchester Railway at 16mph |
| Crystal Palace | an architectural masterpiece made entirely out of glass and iron, both which were cheap and abundant at the time |
| Iron Law of Wages | stated that because of the pressure of population growth, wages would always sink to subsistence level created by David Ricardo |
| Tariff Protection | when there was better products and government officials shot the prices up |
| Economic Nationalism | a doctrine created by List which denounced free trade, very popular in Germany |
| Class-Consciousness | conflicting classes which existed, in part, because many individuals came to believe they existed and developed an appropriate sense of class feeling |
| Luddites | handicraft workers, attacked factories in northern England in 1812 who disagreed with new machinery |
| Factory Act of 1833 | limited the factory workday for children beteween nine and thirteen to eight hours and that of adolescents between fourteen and eighteen to twelve hours |
| Mines Act of 1842 | prohibited underground work for all women as well as for boys under ten |
| Combination Acts | passed in 1799 which outlawed unions and strikes |
| Grand National Consolidated Trades Union | one of the largest and most visionary of the early national unions, which was created in 1834 |
| common rights | the shared use of agriculture land. It was eventually abolished with the enclosure movement. |
| open-field system | a system that divided land to be cultivated by peasants in a village into several large fields which in turn were divided into strips. Each family followed the same pattern in treating their land and this led to soil exhaustion |
| agricultural revolution | a significant change in agriculture that occurs when there are discoveries, inventions, or new technologies that change production |
| enclosure | a naturally enclosed space, the process of taking over and fencing off land formerly shared by peasant farmers |
| proletarianization | process by which skilled craftsmen are transformed into unskilled factory workers |
| mercantilism | an economic policy under which nations sought to increase their wealth and power by obtaining large amounts of gold and silver and by selling more goods than they bought |
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