| Term | Definition |
|---|
| Asexual Reproduciton | reproduction that does not involve the union of gametes and in which a single parent produces offspring that are genetically identical to the parent |
| Cervix | Lower portion of the uterus that connects the vagina to the uterus. |
| Chromosomes | in a eukaryotic cell, one of the structures in the nucleus that are made up of DNA and protein; in a prokaryotic cell, the main ring of DNA |
| Daughter Cell | the finals stage of mitosis, in which each cell has about half of the parent’s cytoplasm |
| Egg | the female gamete, produced in the ovaries |
| Embryo | in plants and animals, one of the early stages of development of an organism |
| Estrogen | a hormone that regulates the sexual development and reproduction function of females |
| Fallopian Tube | a tube through which eggs move from the ovary to the uterus. Is the place where sperm and egg meet during fertilization. |
| Fertilization | the union of a male and female gamete to form a zygote |
| Fetus | a developing human from the end of the eighth week after fertilization until birth |
| Gamete | a haploid reproductive cell that unites with another haploid reproductive cell to form a zygote |
| Implantation | the process by which a blastocyst embeds itself in the lining of the uterus; occurs about six days after fertilization |
| Meiosis | a process in cell division during which the number of chromosomes decrease to half the original number by two divisions of the nucleus, which results in the production of sex cells (gametes or spores) |
| Menstrual Cycle | the female reproductive cycle, characterized by a monthly change of the lining of the uterus and the discharge of blood |
| Menstruation | the discharge of blood and discarded tissue from the uterus during menstruation |
| Mitosis | in eukaryotic cells, a process of cell division that forms two new nuclei, each of which has the same number of chromosomes |
| Ovary | Organ in the female which holds the eggs and produces hormones such as, estrogen and progesterone. |
| Parent Cell | Original cell that begins the process of mitosis or meiosis. |
| Penis | the male organ that transfers sperm to a female and that carries urine out of the body |
| Placenta | the structure that attaches a developing fetus to the uterus and that enables the exchange of nutrients, wastes, and gases between the mother and the fetus |
| Progesterone | a steroid hormone that is secreted by the corpus luteum of the ovary, that stimulates changes in the uterus to prepare for the implantation of a fertilizes egg, and that is produced by the placenta during pregnancy |
| Prostate Gland | a gland in males that contributes to the seminal fluid |
| Scrotum | the sac that contains the testes in most male mammals |
| Semen | the fluid that contains sperm and various secretions produced by the male reproductive organs |
| Sexual Reproduction | reproduction in which gametes from two parents unite |
| Sperm | the male gamete |
| Testes | the primary male reproductive organs, which produce sperm cells and testosterone |
| Testosterone | Sex hormone that is made by the testes and promotes sexual development in males. |
| Trimester | the division of the gestational development into three, three month intervals; the most important developmental events occur in the first trimester |
| Umbilical Cord | contains blood vessels that carry nutrients from mother to embryo |
| Uterus | in female placental mammals, the hollow, muscular organ in which an embryo embeds itself and develops into a fetus |
| Vagina | the female reproductive organ that connects the outside of the body to the uterus and that receives sperm during reproduction |
| Zygote | the cell that results from the fusion of the gametes; a fertilized egg |
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