| Term | Definition |
|---|
| invertebrates | animal without a backbone |
| gills | organs that remove oxygen from water |
| mantle | thin layer of soft tissue that covers the internal organs and produces the shell |
| open circulatory system | system in which the blood is not always contained in blood vessels |
| herbivore | animal that only eats plants |
| carnivore | animal that only eats other animals |
| scavenger | an organism that feeds on dead or decaying material |
| omnivore | animal that eats both plants and animals |
| radula | flexible ribbon of tiny teeth used to obtain food |
| gastropod | largest group of mollusks; having one or no shell; includes snails and slugs |
| bivalve | mollusk having two shells held together by hinges and strong muscles |
| cephalopod | ocean dwelling mollusk whose foot is adapted to form arms & tentacles around the mouth |
| closed circulatory system | system in which the blood is always contained in blood vessels |
| broad foot | organ that gastropods & bivlalves use for crawling, digging, or attaching to a surface |
| arms | modified foot of a cephalopod; covered with suckers on the underside; used to move, bring food to the mouth, or "taste" surrounding water |
| tentacles | modified foot of a cephalopod with suckers on the tips; used to grab food during hunting |
| filter feeder | organisms that feed by straining tiny organisms and plant matter out of the water |
| cilia | tiny projections on the gills that move muscus coated food from the gills to the palps |
| palps | organ that moves mucus covered food from the cilia to the mouth |
| bilateral symmetry | two halves that are mirror images of each other |
| one way digestive tract | digestive system in which food enters through one opening, passes through the body, and waste exits through another opening |
| snail | gastropod with one shell and a broad foot |
| slug | gastropod with no shell and broad foot |
| shell | hard covering of a mollusks that protects the internal organ |
| anus | orifice through which food waste exits the body |
| mantle cavity | space inside the mantle where the internal organs are located |
| umbo | oldest part of the shell of a bivalve from which the shell grows |
| ligament | part of a bivalve that opens the shells when the adductor muscle is relaxed |
| intestine | organ that completes digestion and absorbs nutrients from food |
| heart | organ that pumps blood |
| adductor muscles | muscles of a bivalve that keep the shell tightly closed |
| exhalant siphon | tube through which a bivalve expels water from which it has removed food and oxygen |
| inhalant siphon | tube through which a bivlave takes in water to filter out food and get oxygen |
| stomach | organ that breaks down food with digestive juices |
| mucus | slimy substance created by some gastropods to aid in creeping on surfaces to protect the foot OR sticky substance on gills of a bivalve to capture food as it filters through the gills |
| larva | immature form of an invertabrate animal that does not look like the adult |
| oyster | marine bivalve often farmed for its pearl-making ability |
| pearl | a smooth, rounded bead formed within the shells of certain mollusks in response to an irritant |
| pearl sac | piece of mantle tissue that surrounds an irritant to form the center of a pearl |
| nacre | also called mother of pearl; material that makes a pearl oyster's shell as well as forms the pearl |
| squid | cephalopod with an internal shell and a modified foot that forms 8 arms and 2 tentacles |
| octopus | cephalopod with no shell and a modified foot that forms 8 arms and no tentacles |
| nautilus | cephalopod with an external shell and a modified foot that forms many arms |
| ink sac | organ in a cephalopod that produces ink ejected from the body to confuse and distract predators |
| gill hearts | pump blood from the body back to the gills to get oxygenated |
| liver | organ that helps remove toxins from the blood |
| beak | hard, sharp, tooth-like structures used by cephalopods to crush and kill prey |
| suckers | structures on the underside of the arms of octopi & squid used for grabbing and pulling |
| jet propulsion | the means by which squid & octopi propel themselves quickly through the water; movement of the body caused by the forced expulsion of water |
| camouflage | change of appearance to blend with surroundings to hide from predators |
| predator | organism that exists by preying on other organisms |
| prey | an animal hunted or seized for food |
| mantle collar | structure through which a cephalopod allows water to enter the mantle cavity in preparation for jet propulsion |
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