AP Gov - Chapter 2

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jgodoy Teacher on January 31, 2008

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AP Gov - Chapter 2

Constitution
a nation's basic law. It creates political institutions, allocates power within government, and often provides guaranteed to citizens.
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Constitution a nation's basic law. It creates political institutions, allocates power within government, and often provides guaranteed to citizens.
Declaration of Independence Written by Jefferson. The document approve by representatives of the American colonies in 1176 declaring their independence
Natural rights John Locke's philosophy. Rights inherent in human beings, not dependent on governments.
Consent of the governed people must agree on who their ruler will be
Limited government the idea of clear restrictions on what rulers can do
Articles of Confederation The first constitution of the U.S. adopted by congress in 1777 and enacted in 1781 and established a national legislature
Shay's Rebellion a series of armed attacks on courthouses to prevent judges from foreclosing on farms
U.S. Constitution document written in 1787 and approved in 1788 that sets forth the institutional structure of U.S. government and tasks. Replaced the Articles of Confederation
Factions interest groups arising form the undistribution of property or wealth that James Madison attacked in Federalist Paper #10
N.J. Plan proposed by William Peterson of N.Y. called for equality amongst states in representation
Virginia Plan It called for giving each state representation in Congress based on the state's share of the American population
Connecticut Compromise was to create two houses in Congress. Each state shall have two representatives
Writ of habeas corpus A court order requiring jailers to explain to a judge why they are holding a prisoner in custody
Separation of powers was a Madison scheme. Power is shared amongst branches of government, executive, legislative, and judicial but not where they can control each other
Checks and balances power is balanced among the different governmental institutions. These institutions continually check on another's activities
Republic a form of government in which the people select representatives to govern them and make laws
Federalist supporters of the U.S. constitution at the time the states were contemplating its adoption
Anti-federalist Opponents of the American Constitution at the time when the states were contemplating its adoption
Federalist Papers A collection of 85 articles written by Alexander Hamilton, John Jay under name "Pubius" to defend the Constitution in detail
Bill of Rights The first 10 amendments to the U.S. Constitution. These amendments define such basic liberties as freedom of religion, speech, and press and guarantee defendants' rights
Judicial Review The power of the courts to determine whethers acts of Congress are in accord with the US Constitution. Established in Marbury v. Madison.

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