Atomic Theory Review Sheet Definitions
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75 terms
Uzbek | English |
|---|---|
| atom |  smallest particle of an element |
| element | pure substance made up of only one kind of atom |
| molecule | smallest unit of most compounds, two or more atoms bonded together |
| compound | pure substance made up of only one kind of molecule, two or more elements in definite proportions |
| chemical symbol | a one or two letter representation of an element |
| subatomic particles | the particles that make up an atom |
| chemical symbol | an abreveation of an element consisting of 1 or 2 letters |
| proton | positive particle, found in the nucleus |
| neutral | neutral particle, found in the nucleus |
| electron | negative particle, found orbiting the nucleus |
| atomic mass unit | unit of mass used to measure subatomic particles |
| atomic mass | mass of an atom in amu |
| atomic number | equal to the number of protons |
| isotope | an atom of the same element with different number of neutrons |
| electron energy levels | locations of spaces for electrons orbting the nucleus (orbits, orbitals, shells) |
| K shell | 1st energy level, can hold 2 electrons maximum |
| L shell | 2nd energy level, can hold 8 electrons maximum |
| M shell | 3rd energy level, can hold 18 electrons maximum |
| N shell | 4th energy level, can hold 32 electrons maximum |
| H | hydrogen |
| He | helium |
| Li | litium |
| Be | berrylium |
| B | boron |
| C | carbon |
| N | nitrogen |
| O | oxygen |
| F | fluorine |
| Ne | neon |
| Na | sodium |
| Mg | magnesium |
| Al | aluminum |
| Si | silicon |
| P | phosoporous |
| S | sulfur |
| Cl | chlorine |
| Ar | argon |
| K | potasium |
| Ca | calcium |
| Ti | titanium |
| Cr | chronium |
| Mn | managanese |
| Fe | iron |
| Co | cobolt |
| Ni | nickel |
| Cu | copper |
| Zn | zinc |
| Br | bromine |
| Kr | krypton |
| Rb | rubidium |
| Sr | strontium |
| Ag | silver |
| Cd | cadmium |
| Sn | tin |
| I | iodine |
| Xe | xenon |
| Cs | cesium |
| Ba | barium |
| Pt | platinum |
| Au | gold |
| Hg | mercury |
| Pb | lead |
| Rn | radon |
| Fr | francium |
| Ra | radium |
| U | uranium |
| metal | tends to lose electrons from the outershell, good conducter of heat and electricicty, and has shiny luster |
| non metal | tends to gain electrons on the outer shell, poor conducter of heat and electricity |
| ductile | malleable |
| malleable | capable of being shaped |
| alloy | a mixture of metals |
| alkali metal | very active, never found free in nature, one elcetron in outer shell |
| spectra | a unique pattern of light given off when excited ectrons fall back from an excited state |
| halogen | an element found in group 17 of the periodic table |
| noble gases | nonactive, rarely combine with other elements |
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