revolution/reconstruction
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28 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 radical republicanism | Led by Senator Charles Sumner of Massachusetts and Rep. Thaddeus Stevens of Pennsylvania, wanted to destroy the political power of former slave holders. The wanted African Americans to be given full citizenship and the right to vote. |
| Uncle Tom's Cabin | Novel written by Harriet B. Stowe, about the moral suffering of those enslaved, created more uproar of protest in the North. |
| Bill of Rights | In December 1791, states ratified 10 amendments to the Constitution. They spell out personal liberties that states wanted. |
| Declaration of Independence | Written by Thomas Jefferson, declared the rights of "Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness", the people have the the right to "alter or abolish" the government they're under, and states "all men are created equal". Adopted on July 4, 1776. |
| Natural Rights | Declared by John Locke, one's right to "Life, liberty, and property." Used by Jefferson in Declaration of Independence |
| stamp act | Law established by Parliament, imposed a tax on documents and printed items such as wills, newspapers, and playing cards. |
| Missouri Compromise | maine is a free state, louisiana territory split in 2 |
| Dred Scott Decision | slave went to Illinois and Wisconsin, free states, but after returning to missouri (a slave state), he was under his owner's property according to 5th amendment |
| compromise of 1850 | Provided for popular sovereignty in New Mexico and Utah. |
| 13th amendment | Ratified at the end of 1865, abolishing slavery, stating "Neither a slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime...". |
| 14th amendment | Prevented states from denying rights and privileges to any U.S. citizen. |
| 15th amendment | No one can be kept from voting because of "race, color, or previous condition of servitude." Ratified by states in 1870, important victory for the Radicals. |
| wounded knee | 350 women and children are slaughtered by American military; ends aggression towards Native Americans. |
| intolerable acts | In 1774, Parliament passed a series of measures demanded by King George III, hoping to keep the peace. They shut down Boston harbor, authorized British commanders to house soldiers in vacant private homes and other buildings. And General Gage, commander-in-chief of British forces was appointed as governor of Massachusetts. |
| sharecropping | Landowners divided their land and assigned each head of household a few acres, along with seed and tools. Kept a small share of crops and gave rest to land owners. |
| great compromise | Proposed by Roger Sherman, suggesting a two-house Congress to satisfy both small and big states. The size of the population of each sate would determine its representation in the House, or lower house. |
| removal act | The federal gov. provided funds to negotiate treaties that would force the Native Americans to move west. |
| freedman's bureau | Established by Congress in the south in 1865 to provide necessities to former slaves and poor whites. |
| executive | carries out laws |
| judicial | interprets the law |
| legislative | makes laws |
| puritans,quakers | First settlers in America. |
| 1st continental congress | Meet in 1774, Washington declared colonists can fire if fired upon. |
| 2nd continental congress | Hoping for peace by July 1775, felt deep loyalty to Geroge III and blamed war on king's ministers. Congress sent the Olive Branch Petition to the king, hoping to compromise. |
| manifest destiny | A phrase which expressed belief that the U.S. was ordained to expand to the Pacific Ocean and into Mexican and NAtive American territory. |
| black codes | Codes created after the 13th, (violating)14th, and 15th amendments to condescend African Americans in colonial society. |
| thoreau | Philosopher who believed the individual should govern him/herself, and felt it was one's moral responsibility to disobey the law if unjust. |
| robert e. lee | Commander of the Confederates after Johnston, modest and willing to go beyond military textbooks for tactics. |
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