Chapter 16: Transformations in Europe, 1500-1750
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Created by:
cabal_apwh on January 22, 2010
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This flashcard set includes important terms in "The Earth and Its Peoples, Third Edition" Chapter 16.
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13 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Renaissance | A period of intense artistic and intellectual activity, said to be a "rebirth" of Greco-Roman culture. |
| Italian Renaissance | Mid-fourteenth to mid-fifteenth century. |
| Northern Renaissance | Early fifteenth to early seventeenth century. |
| Protestant Reformation | Religious reform movement within the Latin Christian Church beginning in 1519. It resulted in the formation of the Lutheran Church, the Reformed Church, and the Church of England. |
| Catholic Reformation | Religious reform movement within the Latin Christian Church, begun in response to the Protestant Reformation. |
| Scientific Revolution | The intellectual movement in Europe, initially associated with planetary motion and other aspects of physics, that by the seventeenth century had laid the groundwork for modern science. |
| Enlightenment | A philosophical movement in eighteenth-century Europe that fostered the belief that one could reform society by discovering rational laws that governed social behavior and were just as scientific as the laws of physics. |
| Joint-stock company | A business, often backed by government charter, that sold shares to individuals to raise money for its trading enterprises and to spread the risks (and profits) among its investors. |
| Stock exchange | A place where shares in a company or business enterprise are bought and sold. |
| Little Ice Age | A century-long period of cool climate that began in the 1590's, with ill effects on agriculture in Northern Europe. |
| Habsburg Family | A powerful European family that provided many Holy Roman Emperors, founded the Austrian (later the Austro-Hungarian) Empire, and ruled sixteenth and seventeenth century Spain. |
| English Civil War | A conflict over royal versus Parliamentary rights, caused by King Charles I's arrest of his parliamentary critics and ending with his execution. |
| Balance of power | The policy in international relations by which, beginning in the eighteenth century, the major European states acted together to prevent any one of them from becoming too powerful. |
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