5 Written Questions

1. The covalent bond between two amino acid units, formed by a dehydration reaction
2. A substance that reduces the activity of an enzyme by entering the active site in place of the substrate whose structure it mimics
3. absorbs water and vitamin k from the alimentary canal
4. A giant molecule formed by the joining of smaller molecules, usually by a condensation reaction
5. not liking water

5 Matching Questions

1. compound
2. fat
3. chemical bond
4. villi
5. nucleotide

1. a A biological compound consisting of three fatty acids linked to one glycerol molecule
2. b A fingerlike projection of the inner surface of the small intestin
3. c a combination of two or more elements
4. d An attraction between two atoms resulting from a sharing of outer-shell electrons or the presence of opposite charges on the atoms; the bonded atoms gain complete outer electron shells
5. e The building block of a nucleic acid, consisting of a five-carbon sugar covalently bonded to a nitrogenous base and a phosphate group

5 Multiple Choice Questions

1. The energy of motion, which is directly related to the speed of that motion
   1. pancreas
   2. ionic bond
   3. chemical bond
   4. kinetic energy
2. The passing of undigested material out of the digestive compartment
   1. solution
   2. elimination
   3. denaturation
   4. amino
3. An isotope that is unstable; the nucleus decays spontaneously, giving off detectable particles and energy
   1. evaporative cooling
   2. isotope
   3. active site
   4. radioactive isotope
4. A substance that consists of acid and base forms in a solution and that minimizes changes in pH when extraneous acids or bases are added to the solution
   1. enzyme
   2. solvent
   3. buffer
   4. protein
5. An extensively branched glucose storage polysaccharide found in the liver and muscle of animals; the animal equivalent of starch
   1. ion
   2. glycogen
   3. monomer
   4. electron

5 True/False Questions

1. hydroxyl → A functional group consisting of a hydrogen atom joined to an oxygen atom by a polar covalent bond. Molecules possessing this group are soluble in water and are called alcohols

   True        False

2. product → An ending material in a chemical reaction

   True        False

3. element → A starting material in a chemical reaction

   True        False

4. BMR → A lipid that consists of one fatty acid linked to an alcohol

   True        False

5. functional group → An attraction between two atoms resulting from a sharing of outer-shell electrons or the presence of opposite charges on the atoms; the bonded atoms gain complete outer electron shells

   True        False