Unit 5: An age of Enlightenment
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Created by:
Rachel-Lee on January 25, 2010
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Description:
Terms from Exam Review 4
Classes:
Was's History, Pre-IB 9 World History, IB Class of '13 study group
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17 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Kant | He devised the motto of the Enlightenment: "Dare to know" |
| Locke | He wrote "Essay Concerning Human Understanding" and believed that the government was created to protect the natural rights of the people. |
| Tabula Rasa | A blank mind philosophy created by Locke. Advocated the idea that people learn through experience. |
| Philosophes | Intellectuals of the Enlightenment who sought the natural order of politics, society, and economics. They pursued reason above all else. |
| Salons | Meetings places of the philosophes which were run by women, who were able to reject or accept the philosophes. |
| Montesquieu | In his "Spirit of Laws" he established the idea that the power of the government should be limited and there should be three separate branches. |
| Voltaire | "Treatise on Toleration"/"Philosophical Letters on the English"--through his works he expanded the freedom of natural rights. |
| Rousseau | His "Social Contract" introduced the idea of general will: he identified that human nature was good and would prosper in a society ruled by general will. He also wrote Emile. |
| Wollestoncraft | "Vindication on the Right of Women"--established the paradigm for the modern feminist and called for women to educate their daughters. |
| Diderot | His "Encyclopedia" surveyed the different ideas of the philosophes. He was able to pick and choose and acceptable philosophes. |
| Quesnay | French economist that introduced the idea of laissez-faire economics and that land was the source of wealth. |
| Smith | His "Wealth of Nations" introduced laissez faire economics and natural laws to the British economy; he is known as the "Father of Capitalism". |
| Condorcet | His "Progress on the Human Mind" introduced the concept of evolution education through 10 stages and that the final stage was perfection by rejection of traditional obstacles. |
| Hume | His "Treatise on Human Understanding" introduced the idea of using systematic thinking within social sciences rejecting the idea of emotion. |
| Beccaria | In his "On Crimes and Punishment" he called for an end to capital punishment; instead he desired punishment that would prevent crimes (like imprisonment). |
| Moravian Brethren | Zinzendorf's sect that established a faith that was emotional, mystic, and in which you could have a personal relationship with God. |
| John Wesley | Created Methodism--we are sinners and need to be saved/very emotional. |
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