AP Psych-motivation (1-7)

Terms	Definitions
intrinsic motivation	the pursuit of an activity for its own sake (enjoyment/satisfaction)
extrinsic motivation	pursuit of an activity for external rewards ($/fame/grades)
incentive	objects, persons, or situations that are perceived as being capable of satisfying a need
physiological needs	water, air, food
psychological needs	power, achievement, self-esteem, and belonging
Henry Murray	Harvard, Three A's theory-achievement, affiliation, aggression
achievement	learned motive to meet personal standards of success and excellence in a chosen area; like risk, decision making a chance of great success, rewards oriented, perform for money, prestige, self-satisfaction-self fulfilling prophesies of success or failure
affiliation	belonging-making friends, join groups, create families and civilizations problem- peer pressure and conforming
aggression	biological- hypothalamus/amygdala- is natural and desirable, important for survival and reproduction
TAT	a projective test that asks respondants to interpret a series of drawings showing scenes of people, usually scored for unconscious motives, such as the need for achievement, power, or affiliation.
drive reduction theory	physiological- a drive is an impulse to act in the way that satisfies a need- state of tension resulting from a deprivation of physical needs
primary drives	meet biological needs
secondary drives	learned (need money to buy food)
arousal theory	seeking optimum level of excitement or arousal-get a rush from taking risks
Yerkes-dodson law	tasks of moderate difficulty, neither to easy or hard, elicit the highest level of performance
incentive theory	stimuli that we are drawn due to learning (reward and punishment)
Abraham Maslow	not supported by empirical research, all needs are not created equal, maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
opponent process theory	motivated to make feel emotion, after which a n opposing motivational force brings us back in the direction of a baseline. After exposure to a stimulus begin to wear off and habituation to stimulus occurs
hunger motivation	3 type of hunger motivations: Biological-genes influence body, Psychological-external foods, internals psychologically reason , Culture- overweight is attractive
sexual motivations	the level of sexual motivation, as well as that of thirst and hunger can be changed by damage to or stimulation of certain areas of the hypothalamus . sexual behavior is also affected by levels of hormones testosterone and estrogen
heterosexual	sexually attracted by the opposite sex
homosexual	Attracted to same sex
bisexual	Attracted to both sexes
management theory	Theory X: Employees will work for reward(benefits) or threatened by punishment. Theory Y: employees are internally motivated to do good work
Kurt lewin	Motivational Conflict
self efficacy	A person's belief that he or she is capable of producing desired results, such as mastering new skills and reaching goals
homeostasis	a state of psychological equilibrium obtained when tension or a drive has been reduced or eliminated
eating disorders	any of various disorders, as anorexia nervosa or bulimia, characterized by severe disturbances in eating habits