Biology 9th Chapter 6 vocab
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24 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Atom | is the smallest particle of an element that has the same characteristics of that element |
| Nucleus | the center of an atom |
| Isotope | atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons |
| Compound | is a substance that is composed of atoms of 2 or more different elements that are chemically combined |
| Covalent Bond | chemical bond formed when 2 or more atoms combine by sharing electrons |
| Molecule | is a group of atoms held together by covalent bonds and having no overall change |
| Ion | is a charged particle |
| Mixture | is a combination of substances in which th individual components retain their own properties |
| Solution | is a mixture in which 1 or more substances are distributed evenly in another substance |
| Acid | is any substance that forms hydrogen ions (H+) in water |
| Base | is any substance that forms hydroxide ions (OH-) in water |
| Polar Molecule | is a molecule with an unequal distribution of charge; each molecule has positive and negative end |
| Hydrogen Bond | this attraction of opposite charges between hydrogen and oxygen forms a week bond |
| Diffusion | is the net movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to lower area of concentration |
| Dynamic Equilibrium | there is continuous movement but no overall concentration change |
| Polymer | is a large molecule formed when many smaller molecules bond together |
| Carbohydrates | is an organic compund used by cells to store & release energy; composed of carbon, hydrogen, & oxygen |
| Lipids | are organic compunds that have a large proportion of C-H bonds and less oxygen than carbs |
| Protein | large, complex polymer essential to all life composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and usually sulfur. provides structure for tissue & organs and helps carry out cell metabolism |
| Amino Acids | basic building blocks of protein molecules |
| Peptid Bond | covalent bond formed between amin acids |
| Enzyme | type of protein found in all living things that increases the rate of chemical reactions |
| Nucleic Acid | complex macro molecules, such as RNA & DNA, that store genetic info in cells in the form of a code |
| Nucleotides | subunits of nucleic acid formed from simple sugar, a phosphate group and a nitrogen base |
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