Disorders of the Human Body
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Created by:
hkboyer16 on January 28, 2010
Subjects:
Description:
Review this for the MATCHING portion of the Mid-Term Exam
Classes:
Natalya's Group, Boyer - Human Anatomy & Physiology
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41 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Diabetes | Disorder involving irregular levels of blood sugar (usually from dysfunctional cells in the pancreas that have difficulty producing or releasing insulin) |
| Scurvy | Nutritional disorder that results in a deficiency of Vitamin C |
| Rickets | Nutritional disorder that results in a deficiency of Vitamin D |
| Celiac's Disease | Disorder in which a person cannot digest the protein gluten in foods (found in carbs such as breads & pasta) that causes an inability to absorb nutrients |
| Anemia | Disorder that involves a low iron count in the bloodstream, which leads to difficulty in transporting oxygen |
| Lactose Intolerance | Inability for a person to digest the sugar lactose; usually associated with difficulty eating/digesting milk-based food products |
| Osteoporosis | Bone disorder, usually associated with aging, that causes the body's bones to begin thinning and easily fracture |
| Gall Stones | Condition that develops when cholesterol and bile salts form small deposits within the gall bladder |
| Cellulitis | Deep tissue infection (below the epidermis) that occur anywhere on the skin, but is usually found in the legs, arms and face |
| Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome | Connective tissue disorder that results in "super-stretchy" skin and hypermobile joints |
| Marfan Syndrome | Genetic disorder that causes abnormal connective tissue development (weakness in the tissues of the bones, eyes, muscles). Patients will also have a longer wingspan than height, and abnormally long fingers |
| Osteogenesis Imperfecta | Genetic disorder that affects the development of bone/osseous tissue, resulting in "brittle bone" disease |
| Fibromyalgia | Disorder of the muscle tissue and associated joints |
| Ringworm | Fungal infection in which the rash forms a circular shape on the skin |
| Impetigo | Highly contagious bacterial skin infection, that usually affects exposed areas such as the face/skin around the nose |
| Acne | Inflammation of the sebaceous glands of the sking |
| Melanoma | Cancer of the melanocytes of the skin; has the ability to spread rapidly in the body |
| Squamous Cell Carcinoma | Cancer of the (squamous cells) of the epidermis, usually on sun-exposed portions of the body |
| Basal Cell Carcinoma | Tumors that arise from the epidermis (basal layer) and rarely spread |
| 1st Degree Burn | Slight injury to the epidermis (usually sunburn) associated with redness of the skin |
| 2nd Degree Burn | Injury of the skin that includes both the epidermis and part/all of the dermis; usually associated with blistering |
| 3rd Degree Burn | Extensive injury to the skin in which the epidermis, dermis and part/all of the hypodermis, as well the accessory organs of the skin, are severely damaged |
| Fever Blisters | Cold sores of the mouth, caused by the Herpes Simplex I virus |
| Plantar Warts | Viral infections located on the bottom/sole of the foot |
| Bedsores (Decubitis) | Condition caused by the constant deficienty of blood to tissues over a bony projection that has been subjected to prolonged pressure (such as a bed, cast, or splint) |
| Osteopenia | Precursor condition to osteoporosis; it consists of a lower than normal bone density, but not quite low enough to be classified as osteoporosis |
| FOP (Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva) | Rare genetic mutation where soft tissues of the body (ligaments, tendons, muscles) begin to form bone, eventually prohibiting movement in the joints of the body |
| Osteosarcoma | Bone cancer, usually found in the long bones of the body |
| Leukemia | Cancer of the blood/bone marrow that affects the white blood cells (large numbers of white blood cells develop, but never mature, making the patient very susceptible to infections) |
| Cleft Palate | Condition that occurs when the bones of the maxilla do not fuse properly during fetal development, leading to facial defomities of the upper lip region |
| Herniated Disc | Injury that occurs when an invertebral disc of the spinal column moves out of place, pinching a never and causing pain, numbness & tingling, or possibly loss of function |
| Scolosis | Irregular (lateral) curvature of the spinal column |
| Osteoarthritis | Chronic degeneration of the hyaline cartilage within the joints of the body |
| Gout | Condition that develops as a result of sodium urate crystals that accumulate in the blood; usually common in the foot/big toe |
| Lyme Disease | Bacterial infection carried by deer ticks that causes a bull's-eye shaped rash, joint inflammation, and can lead to neurological conditions (Bell's Palsy) |
| Dislocation | Also known as a luxation; an injury that occurs when a bone is displaced from a joint in the body (usually resulting in the tearing of various ligaments/tendons that are associated with the joint) |
| Sprain | Injury that occurs with a forcible twisting motion of a joint, usually stretching or rupturing the ligaments that support it (classified as 1st, 2nd, or 3rd degree) |
| Appendicitis | Digestive system disorder that includes acute pain in the RIGHT iliac region, as often accompanied by fever, naseau, and other infection-type symptoms |
| Craniosynostosis | Disorder of the skeletal system in which the sutures of the skull fuse together too quickly in young children, causing difficulty for the brain to grow |
| Psoriasis | Skin condition in which the cells grow too quickly, causing patches of dry skin to accummulate and flake off. |
| Vitiligo | Skin disorder in which the melanocytes are no longer functional, and can no longer produce pigment. |
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