World Civ. Sec. 2
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Created by:
carterhelschien on February 1, 2010
Classes:
CLASS OF 2014, The Alexandria of Boca Pine Crest, PC Boca peeps, Seventh Grade Pine Crest Boca, pine crest seventh grade, PC ALL 2014
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60 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Someone who grants land is called a ______ | lord |
| Someone who holds land in return for services is called a _______ | vassal |
| A grant of land is called a ________ | fief |
| Possession of a fief became ________ | hereditary |
| When the oldest male inherits it is called ________ | primogeniture |
| A system in which powerful nobles granted land to lesser nobles in return for loyalty military assistance and services is called ________ | feudalism |
| A vassal had the most loyalty to ______ | his lord |
| What were the three types of feudal justice? | trial by battle, compurgation, and trial by ordeal |
| What did knights wear in battle? | chain mail |
| How many days were fighting days eventually? | 80 (Originally was 40) |
| An economic system during the Middle Ages that revolved around self-sufficient farming estates where lords and peasants shared land is called what? | manorialism |
| A lord and several peasants shared land called the _____ | manor |
| The lord lived on 1/3 of the manor called the _____ | domain |
| __________ worked the land, gave crops the lord, and payed taxes | peasants |
| Most peasants where bound to the land and called ______ | serfs |
| What was the life expectancy of the average person? | 30 years |
| Diet consisted mainly of what three things? | bread, ale, and vegetables |
| The castle was built on a ________ for protection or by a ________ for economic purposes | hill; river |
| If a castle was not built on a hill, it had a _________ | drawbridge |
| What was the main part of the castle called? | the keep |
| A system of rules that dictated knights behavior towards others was called ________ | chivalry |
| Before becoming a knight one would be a _____ and a ______ | page; squire |
| Banners and shields became ______ | hereditary |
| Why did knights carry personal shields with designs? | to distinguish themselves |
| How old did pages start? | 7 |
| Why were there few merchants? | There was little trading or business going on because everyone did their own thing. |
| Homage | Solemn ceremony that sealed the feudal contract |
| What were the vassals obligations? | Military service (train knights), loyalty, pay kings expenses (wedding, ransom), hosting the lord and his entourage, administer justice |
| What were the lord's obligations? | Keep invaders out and honor the contract for the fief |
| Why did serfs always lose in warfare? | Their land would get destroyed or they would get caught in battle and die |
| How did the church enforce their decrees? | They used the threat of excommunication |
| What was in the vassal's domain? | Manor house, church, pasture land, forest, stream, griet mill, and freemen (blacksmith) |
| Describe the characteristics of the feudal relationship. | All noble, legal equals, based on honor, same man could be vassal to one lord and lord to another vassal |
| Feudalism | A political system in which powerful nobles granted land to other nobles in return for loyalty, military assistance, and services |
| Primogeniture | The system in which possession of a fief went to the eldest son, and a fief could not be divided |
| Trial by Battle (Duel) | Rivals would fight to the death and the outcome of the duel would determine the guilt or innocence of a person |
| Trial by Ordeal | The accused carries a piece of hot iron or walks through fire or plunges their arm in boiling water to get a rock. If they healed quickly they were innocent. If not, they were guilty. |
| Compurgation | A group of people who knew the person "swore" that their person was innocent |
| Peace of God | Decree that set aside places not permitted to fight |
| Truce of God | Decrees fighting forbidden on weekends and Holy Days |
| Manorialism | An economic system involving the function of manors |
| Manor | An economic unit consisting of large farming estate with a manor house, pastures, fields, and a village on which the land was shared by a lord and several peasants shared |
| Domain | 1/3 of the land of the manor belonged to the lord, while 2/3 of the land was used by peasants |
| Serfs | Bound to the land of a manor, but were not slaves |
| Why did serfs drink ale? | It was cleaner than water |
| What was a fallow? | Field used for a certain type of crop; would have fallow one, fallow two, fallow three, and fallow four; rotated crops on each one, while one had none, so it could regain its nutrients |
| True or False: Serfs received a salary | False |
| What did the serfs receive in turn for their constant work? | Small piece of land to build their hut on |
| How were serfs bound to the land? | They never made enough money to pay of the "security" deposit they originally paid on the land |
| When was the highest death rate for serfs? | First ten years |
| What were the day to day tasks of the noble? | Make sure knights are being trained, make sure crops are being rotated, oversee management of serfs |
| What did nobles do for entertainment? | Went to tournaments (knights) and held feasts |
| What were the characteristics of chivalry? | Loyal to lord and each other, protect the church, courteous towards women of nobility, fight fairly |
| Who would generally be a knight? | Second-born son |
| What would a page do? | Learn good manners, learn care and use of weapons, messenger go'for |
| What would a squire do? | Care of horse (riding, training), training with weapons, in charge of knight's armor, go to battle |
| How would a squire become a knight? | Prove himself in battle |
| What was the ceremony of becoming a knight? | Dubbing |
| What was heraldry? | coat of arms |
| Where were the clergy in the hierarchy? | Below the lords |
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