Psych 250 (ch2 genetics)
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23 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 genotype | complete set of genes that make up one's heredity |
| phenotype | the physical, behavioral, and psychological features that result from the interaction of genes and the environment |
| csome | threadlike strand in each cell's nucleus that carries the genes |
| autosomes | reg pairs (22 outta 22 csomes) |
| sex csomes | 23rd pair, determines sex of child |
| DNA | double helix molecule composed of 4 chemical cmpds (adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine) |
| gene | segment of DNA on csome tht contains chemical blueprint for making certain proteins |
| proteins | building blocks of life |
| expression | genes must be "turned on" (often by enviro) in order to form proteins |
| code | order in which the chem cmpds appear, determines wht protein a gene will make |
| alleles | gene pairs |
| dominant-recessive | dominant allele overrides recessive |
| incomplete dominance | child expresses both alleles, effects are intermediate btwn the characteristics of childrn who r homozygous for each of the 2 alleles |
| co-dominance | trait is determined by 2 alleles, outcome is qualitatively different from the trait produced by either of the contributing alleles |
| sex-linked inheritance | genes carried on X or Y csome, males (XX) are not protected from recessive genes |
| polygenic inheritance | multiple genes interact to produce a characteristic (3 or more) (psychological conditions are inherited this way due to genetics and the environ) |
| homozygous alleles | each parent contributes a dominant and a recessive gene |
| proteome | protein coded by the genome |
| range of reaction | potential variability, depending on environmental conditions, in the expression of a trait |
| canalization | measure of the ability of a genotype to produce the same phenotype regardless of the type of environment |
| passive genotype/enviro correlation | parents provide enviro influenced by own heredity (athletic parents = athletic enviro) |
| evocative genotype/enviro correlation | child's genotype elicits types of enviro's (happy child = + attention |
| niche picking | individuals seek out enviros most compatible w/ their genetic makeup |
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