MTEL 07 terms
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Created by:
yummiepudding on February 7, 2010
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Description:
these are terms to help pass the mass English MTEL and begin a career teaching the young uns.
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72 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Simple sentence | Has only one independent clause |
| Etymology | -the study of the history and origin of words |
| complex/compound sentence | -has two or more independent clauses and one or more dependent clauses |
| complex sentence | -one independent clause, and one or more dependent clause |
| Gerund | -the -ing form of a verb when acting as a noun |
| compound sentence | made of two independent clauses |
| phonetics | the study of the sounds of language and their physical properties |
| Participle | A verb that usually ends in -ing or -ed |
| Syntax | The study of the structure of sentences |
| Morphology | The study of the structure of words |
| Old English (Anglo-saxon period) | mid 5th century - 1066 |
| Works include epic poems | sermons, bible translations, |
| Beowulf | Author: unknown, Beowulf,a hero of the Geats, battles three antagonists: Grendal, Grendals mother, and an unnamed dragon. The final battle is later, and Beowulf is fatally wounded. |
| Middle English Period | 1066-1550closer grammar to today than old English,invention of the printing press |
| Sir Gawain and the Green Knight | Author: "the Gawain poet" "pearl poet",Sir Gawain, a knight of Authors round table, accepts a challenge by a mysterious, green warrior. He may take a swing at the green knight, so long as in a year and a day the green knight gets his chance. Gawain chops off his head, but the guy picks up his head, and reminds him of the appointment. it is a story of chivalry and loyalty. |
| The Canterbury Tales | Author: Goeffrey Chaucer,Collection of tales told by pilgrims during a story telling contest on a journey from Southwark to the Shrine of Saint Thomas Becket. -time of unsettlement in England and the church. |
| Le Morte d'Arthur | Author: Sir Thomas Malory,Compilation of French and English Arthurian romances with Malory's own views thrown in. |
| imagery | language that appeals to the senses |
| alliteration | repeated consonant sounds occurring at the beginning of words or within words. |
| Style | the way an author uses words, phrases, and sentences to formulate ideas. |
| types of discourse: creative | speech written in which one expresses thoughts and feelings with imagination and creativity. |
| types of discourse: expository | one explains or describes |
| types of discourse: persuasive | writing where one sets out to convince. |
| types of discourse: argument | writing where one argues a topic in a logical way. |
| modifiers | words, clauses, or phrases that limit or describe other words. |
| phonetics | the study of sounds in a language |
| phonology | the analysis of how sounds function in a language |
| morphology | the study of the structure of words |
| semantics | the study of the meaning in langage |
| syntax | the study of the structure of sentences |
| pragmatics | the role of context in the interpretation of meaning. |
| Naturalism | Believed writers should examine people and society objectively and draw conclusions from the observations |
| American Indian Literature | foundation found in story telling, oratory autobiographical and historical accounts of tribal village life. reverence for the environment and postulation that the earth was given with trust and must be cared for. |
| Afro-American Literature | -oppression. slavery. reconstruction,-inner city strife-inner city strife-post civil rights and emergence of the Black movement |
| Existentialism | term applied to text that holds the idea that Philosophical thought should be to deal with the conditions of existence of the individual person. emotions. actions. responsibilities. and thought. |
| Villanelle | -poetry designed in France-uses just two rhmes. while also repeating two lines throughout the poem.-first five stanzas are triplets last stanza is quatrain.- "don't go gently into that good night" - Dylan Thomas |
| conceit | -an extended metaphor that governs a poetic passage or poem. |
| apostrophe | - when a speaker or writer breaks off and directs speech to an imaginary person or whatever. |
| Antithesis | -direct contrast to original proposition-can be used to describe a character who is opposite in personality. and moral outlook to another. |
| Shakespeare/English Sonnet | -consists of 14 lines, containing 10 syllables and writen in iambic pentameter- abab.cdcd.efef.gg |
| Italian Sonnet | includes two parts: first, the octave which describes a problem followed by a sestet which gives a resolution to it. |
| Blank verse | type of poetry having regular meter, but no rhyme |
| heroic couplets | -poems constructed from a sequence of rhyming pairs of iambic pentameter-common in epic ans narrative poetry (Chaucer) |
| first person | the story is being told by one character at a time. |
| second person | a narrative mode where the main character is refered to by "you" |
| third person | the narrator is an entity who is not involved in the story. all characters are referred to by "he" "she" "it". (never I or you) |
| neoclassicism | focus in on the group, not the individual. Patterned after the greatest writings of classical Greek and Rome. (John Dryden/Alexander Pope) |
| Epic | major form of narrative literature that retells the life of a mythical person. (odyssey, Mahabharata, The Divine Comedy) |
| Upanishads | Hindu tratises that deal with broad philosophical problems |
| invention of writing | domestication of animals, development of agriculture, and establishment of agricultural surplus. |
| Gilgamesh | Mesopotamian king who is on a quest for immortality |
| Modernism | literary movement up to first world war. Inspired by new ideas in anthropology, psychoanalysis, philosophy, and political science. (D. H. Lawrence/James Joyce) |
| Farce | extreme form of comedy marked by physical humor, unlikely situations, and stereotyped characters. |
| bathos | a ludicrous attempt to portray pathos - that is evoke pity, sympathy, or sorrow. |
| malapropism | a verbal blunder where one word is replaced by another similar in sound but different in meaning. |
| parallelism | the arrangement of ideas in phrases, sentences, and paragraphs that balance one element with another of equal importance and similar wording or syntax. |
| ethos | refers to the credibility of the speaker |
| pathos | refers to the emotional appeal made by the speaker to the listeners |
| logos | refers to the logic of the speakers argument |
| the romantic period | this period of american lit where authors would look at the world through "rose colored glasses" |
| new criticism | treats literary texts as independent entities requiring little or no external factors such as the identity of the author or society in which he or she lives. - proponents believe that the literary text itself is the paramount concern. |
| Structuralism | to examine the structure of a literary work without regard for external influences. - emphasis is placed on the work as a whole, and its place within its genre. |
| deconstruction | only the text itself is examined. This is done through a very close reading. |
| Marxist Criticism | class conflict drives the history of human civilization - those who control economic capitol oppress the working class for their benefit. - workers must unite to overthrow the capitalist, and their system. - holds that the triumph of communism is inevitable. |
| Feminist Criticism | emphasizes the ways that literary works are informed and inspired by an authors gender, ideas about gender and gender roles, and social norms regarding gender. - prime concern is depiction of females as equal to males. |
| psychoanalytic | holds that the mind is divided into 3 parts. (id-urges and desires/ super ego-counters ego/ ego-psychic result of id/SE conflict) - to discover the nature of a persons mind, psychoanalyst looks for recurrent thoughts, images, speech patterns, and behaviors evident in person being analyzed.) |
| reader response | readers create meaning through individual understandings and responses. |
| phonological awareness | the ability of the reader to recognize the sound of spoken language. includes how sounds are blended together, divided up, and manipulated, "sound out words." - instructional stratigies - auditory games and drills/separate or segment the sound of words/take out sounds/blend sounds/add in new sounds. |
| English | an Indo-European language that evolved through several periods. The origin of English dates to the settlement of the British Isles in the fifth and sixth centuries by Germanic tribes. |
| Ancient world literature | A protagonist who is part human and part divine. |
| Victorian Literature | literature produced during the reign of Queen Victoria. link between Romantic era and 20th century.-common themes- idealized portraits of difficult lives in which hard work, perseverance, love and luck win out in the end. virtue would be rewarded and wrong doings punished. - authors- Dickens, Bronte sisters, Alfred Lord Tennyson, Oscar Wilde. links ideas of physical attractiveness to ideas of love. |
| mid 20th century British literature | writing highly affected by WWI. Themes like destruction and loss, and accounts of adventures from battlefields to bread lines. |
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