APUSH exam ch. 21-24
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75 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 What did the Theodore Roosevelt administration accomplish as far as regulating the railroad and meatpacking industries, restricting child labor, mediating industrial disputes, and funding western irrigation projects? | Enacted the Hepburn Railroad Regulation Act, National Reclamation Act, Pure Food and Drug act, |
| What did Roosevelt mean by the term "square deal"? | His progressive views in which he stressed equality of opprotunity for all citizens, and government regulations to encourage such. |
| What was the significance of the Hetch Hetchy controversy? | It helped mobilize a new coalition of people committed to preservation of wilderness. |
| What was the "Roosevelt Corollary" to the Monroe Doctrine? | A substantial amendment to the Monroe Doctrine that asserted a right of the United States to intervene to stabilize the economic affairs of small states in the Caribbean and Central America if they were unable to pay their international debts. |
| What did Roosevelt mean when he said, "Speak softly and carry a big stick"? | The value and importance of using American Power in the world. |
| How did Roosevelt's political stance change from 1901 to 1912? | He went from being passionate about his presidency to backing out of running for re-election. |
| What was the "Bull Moose" in the context of 1912? | The Progressive Party |
| As president, how did William Howard Taft alienate progressives? | He replaced Roosevelt's secretary of the interior with Richard A. Ballinger, who attempted toinvalidate Roosevelt's removal of nearly 1 million acres of forests and mineral reserves from the public lands available for private development. |
| What was the primary concern of William Howard Taft's foreign policy? | Taft was all about neutrality in Policy |
| What was the central issue in the Pinchot-Ballinger controversy. | Taft's choice to disrupt naturalism and hire Ballinger as secretary of interior |
| In the 1912 presidential campaign, how did Woodrow Wilson benefit from actions within the Republican Party? | He presented a progressive program called "New Freedom." |
| What were the differences between Roosevelt's New Nationalism and Wilson's New Freedom? | It differed in its approach to economic policy and the trusts. |
| What were the major issues on which Wilson was able to convince Congress to pass legislation within two years of taking office? | A substantial lowering of the protective tarrif and the Federal Reserve Act |
| What Constitutional power did Congress cite as justification for the Keating-Owen Act? | The Court |
| What was the biggest foreign policy threat in the first years of the Wilson administration? | The surprise attack by the Japenese on the Russian Fleet |
| What was the biggest legacy of Roosevelt's environmental policies? | The making of National Parks |
| What was the significance of the Roosevelt administration's role in the Anthracite Coal Strike of 1902? | They threatened to send federal troops then increased wages by 10 percent |
| What was the significance of the Underwood-Simmons tariff? | it provided cuts substantial enough, to introduce real competition into American markets and thus to help break the power of trusts. |
| What were the important features of the Federal Reserve Act of 1913? | created twelve regional banks, held a certain percentage of the assets of their member banks in reserve, and issue of a new paper currency |
| Why, when, and how did Theodore Roosevelt's mediate the end of a war? | Because he took a new interest in foreign affairs, during early 1900s, and he used the "Big Stick" diplomacy. |
| What were the major characteristics of the NAACP's strategy for combating racial oppression in the first two decades of its existence? | their strategy was to gain position of full equality, and that such efforts would benefit blacks |
| What beliefs united most progressives? | They envisioned a community where people care for one another kind of like a utopia |
| On what did progressive reform efforts on the state and local level consistently focus? | To cut down political machines, to improve society, and get liquor banned |
| What arguments did advocates of women's suffrage use to support their cause in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries? | The constitution |
| What was the role of Walter Rauschenbusch role in the progressive reform movement? | he published a series of influential discourses on the possibilities for human salvation through christian reform |
| What was the main goal of the settlement house movement? | It provided social services that faciliated adjustment while respecting the cultural integrity of the peoples that it served. |
| What major factors contributed to the growing role that women played in reform activities of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries? | Nineteenth amendment and "antimonopoly" |
| How did the "city manager" form of municipal government differ from traditional forms? | because of the commission plan, viewed polotics differently |
| What were the main goals of the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW)? | created not just a union, but a far-flung social network |
| From what groups did most support for a national law prohibiting alcohol initially come? | Rural fund amentalists |
| To what does the term "muckrakers" refer? | crusading journalists who began to direct Public attention toward social, economic, and political injustices |
| How did voter turnout change during the Progressive Era? | decline in party influence |
| What were the major works of Herbert Croly, Thorstein Veblen, Lincoln Steffens, Ida Tarbell, and Louis Brandeis? | Herbert Croly-promise of american life thorstein sebien-a theory of the leisure cities laa tarbell-study on standard oil trust louis brandeis-other peoples money |
| What social issues were progressives most concerned with? Least concerned with? | progress |
| What was the Social Gospel? | a clear expression of the concern with a sense of outrage at a social and economic injustice |
| What were significant examples of the Social Gospel at work? | salvation army |
| How did Progressive "reforms" affect the power of political parties? | other power centers replaced them |
| From which group did the women's club movement attract most of its membership? | middle and upper-class women |
| What were the main arguments advanced by those opposed to immigration during the Progressive Era? | eugenics and nativism |
| What were the first two countries to begin fighting in the conflict that became known as World War I? | great britain and germany |
| In the early years of World War I, from 1914 to 1916, what was the role of the United States? | neutral |
| Why did President Wilson protest more strongly against German violations of American neutrality than British violations? | germany abandoned us -"unlawful" tactics |
| Through what means were the majority of funds used to support the American effort in World War I raised? | selling liberty bonds and new taxes |
| What was the "Great Migration" of the World War I era? | migration of nun areas from the rural south into th north |
| What was the Zimmerman Telegram designed to accomplish?' | proposed that in the event of war between german and the us mexicans should join with germany against america |
| What was the key immediate cause of America's declaration of war against Germany in April, 1917? | Britain was suffering vast losses from the attacks of the german submarine |
| During the 1916 presidential campaign, Wilson benefited heavily from what issues? | riot rushings for and his war neutrality |
| What was the most active element of the peace movement during World War I? | womans peace party |
| What was the significance of the American Expeditionary Force in the outcome of World War I? | they handled all melitary personel |
| What were the major principles associated with the foreign policy of Wilsonianism? | refuaing a philosowhy and intermat relation |
| For what is President Wilson often criticized regarding his handling of the Versailles Treaty and the League of Nations? | that they were conducted in secret |
| What were significant sources of tension in the postwar period between 1919 and 1921? | reprepiration and resessive |
| Both the Palmer Raids and the Sacco and Vanzetti case may be cited as evidence in the aftermath of World War I of the depth of feeling in America against what or whom? | against red scarves |
| What characterized relations between blacks and whites in the aftermath of World War I? | mevrourous |
| Who said, "America's greatest need is not heroics, but healing; not nostrums, but normalcy; not revolution, but restoration . . . not surgery, but serenity"? | 1 |
| Characterize the experiences of the majority of industrial workers in the United States between 1921 and 1929. | 2 |
| What was the most significant factor in promoting American economic growth during the 1920s? | 3 |
| During the 1920's, what proposals did farm groups advocate to help them deal with overproduction? | 4 |
| Characterize the experiences of the majority of both middle-class and working-class women during the 1920s. | 5 |
| What were visible signs of the influence of nativist sentiment during the 1920s? | 6 |
| Characterize the differences between the post-Civil War and post-1915 versions of the Ku Klux Klan. | 7 |
| What was the role of the federal government regarding involvement in the economy and other aspects of Americans' daily lives during the administrations of Warren Harding and Calvin Coolidge? | 8 |
| Which writers produced important critiques of American society during the 1920s? | 9 |
| How are the ideals of fundamentalism reflected in beliefs about the Bible? | 10 |
| What groups were the major supporters of the "American Plan"? | 11 |
| What did the 1924 Democratic National Convention demonstrate about the Democratic Party? | 12 |
| For what is the presidential administration of Warren G. Harding best known? | 13 |
| What factors contributed to the weakness of the organized labor movement in America in the 1920s? | 14 |
| What factors had the greatest influence in producing the sense of disillusionment characteristic of the Lost Generation? | 15 |
| What was the Harlem Renaissance? | 16 |
| What was an economic indicator that did not dramatically increase during the 1920's? | 17 |
| What was the essence of "welfare capitalism"? | 18 |
| How effective was enforcement of Prohibition? How did the effectiveness vary from place to place? | 19 |
| How was H.L. Mencken significant to American social and cultural life in the 1920's? | 20 |
| In what way was Margaret Sanger significant to American life? | 21 |
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