Buchert Biology Ch 18
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Created by:
iluvesports24 on February 16, 2010
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terms and definitions
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24 terms
Occitan | English |
|---|---|
| taxonomy |  discipline of classifying organisms and assigning each organism a universally accepted name |
| binomial nomenclature | two-word naming system |
| genus | a group of closely related species |
| family | group of genera that share many characteristics |
| taxon | group or level of organization into which organisms are classified |
| order | a broad taxonomic category composed of similar families |
| class | composed of similar orders |
| phylum | many different organisms that share important characteristics |
| kingdom | large taxonomic group consisting of closely related phyla |
| phylogeny | evolutionary relationships among organisms |
| evolutionary classification | the strategy of grouping organisms together based on their evolutionary history |
| derived characters | characteristics that appear in recent parts of a lineage but not in its older members |
| cladogram | a diagram tht shows the evolutionary relationships among a group of organisms |
| molecular clock | a model that uses DNA comparisons to estimate the length of time that two species have been evolving independently |
| domain | most inclusive taxonomic category; larger than kingdom |
| Bacteria | domain of unicellular prokaryotes whose cell walls contan peptidoglycan |
| Eubacteria | kingdom of unicellular prokaryotes whose cell walls contan peptidoglycan |
| Archaea | domain of unicellular prokaryotes whose cell walls do not contan peptidoglycan |
| Archaebacteria | kingdom of unicellular prokaryotes whose cell walls do not contan peptidoglycan |
| Eukarya | domain of all organisms whose cell walls have nuclei |
| Protista | kingdom composed of eukaryptes that are not classified as plants, animals, or fungi |
| Fungi | kingdom composed of heterotrophs; many obtain energy and nutrients from dead organic matter |
| Plantae | kingdom of multicellular photosynthetic autotrophs that have cell walls containing cellulose |
| Animalia | kingdom of multicellular eukaryotic heterotrophhs whose cells do not have cell walls |
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