Mexico ch. 7
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Created by:
clmiller76 on February 17, 2010
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Description:
Chapter 7 Mexico
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28 terms
Spanish | English |
|---|---|
 peninsular | a person who was born in Spain but who lived in Mexico after the Spanish took control |
| criollo | a person born in Mexico whose parents were born in Spain |
| mestizo | a person who is of Spanish and Native American ancestry |
| encomienda | a system that the rulers of Spain established in Mexico, under which Spanish men received a Native American village to oversee and gain tribute from |
| Father Miguel Hidalgo | priest who sparked a revolution to throw off Spanish rule |
| Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo | a treaty that the United States forced Mexico to sign in 1848, giving Mexico's northern lands to the United States |
| Gadsden Purchase | the 1853 purchase by the United States of a piece of land from northern Mexico |
| Benito Juarez | a Mexican president who lead the reformers |
| Francisco Madero | One of the first revolutionary leaders of Mexico |
| hacienda | in Spanish-speaking countries, a big farm or ranch |
| Emiliano Zapata | a legendary fighter for farmers' rights. "Land and Liberty" |
| ejido | in Mexico, a community farm owned by the people of a village together |
| Institutional Revolutionary Party | the most powerful political party in Mexico from the 1920s to 2000, which won every presidential election during that time |
| Vincente Fox | the first president in over 70 years to belong to a party other than the PRI |
| Carlos Salinas de Gortari | president who changed the ejido system |
| privatization | the process of replacing community ownership with individual, or private ownership |
| distribution | the process of moving products to their markets |
| maquiladora | in Mexico, a factory that imports duty-free parts from the United States to make products that it then exports back across the border |
| nationalize | strong pride in one's nation or ethnic group |
| PEMEX | Petroleos Mexicanos, or "Mexican Petroleum," a government agency that runs the oil industry in Mexico |
| tourism | the business of helping people travel on vacations |
| Diego Rivera | one of Mexico's most celebrated 20th-century artists |
| Frida Kahlo | a famous Mexican painter who painted many self-portraits from her bed after being badly injured |
| Octavio Paz | won the Nobel Prize in literature in 1990 |
| rural | of the countryside |
| urban | of the city |
| Day of the Dead | a Mexican holiday, on November 1 and 2, for honoring loved ones who have died |
| fiesta | a holiday celebrated by a village or town, with events such as parades, games, and feasts |
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