Anatomy chapter one
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keclipse5 on January 25, 2013
Description:
Holes Anatomy and Physiology Twelfth Edition
Chapter One Study Guide
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53 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 list the levels of organization from least complex to most complex | subatomic particles, atom, molecule, macromolecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism |
| An organ defined as a structure that has a specific structure and is composed of two or more different types of? | Tissues |
| The sum of all chemical reactions that occur in the body is known as? | Metabolism |
| Tom has been lifting weights. As a result of the physical work, his muscle cells have added proteins and become larger. Which of the characteristics of life best describes this increase in size? | Growth |
| Where is the cranial cavity is located in the? | Cephalic; in your head |
| A tranvsverse plane divides the body into? | Above the waist and below the waist |
| The word axillary refers to the? | Armpit |
| The region of the abdominopelvic cavity that is inferior and medial to the left lumbar region is the? | hypogastric region |
| What describes the relationship between the visceral pleura and the parietal pleura? | The visceral pleura is deep to the parietal pleura |
| The term cephalic refers to the? | Head |
| During the process of development of the skeletal system, embryonic cells, known as mesenchyme cells, may develop into either osteoblasts or chondroblasts, which in turn, may develop into osteocystes and chondocytes. This process is an example of? | Differentiation |
| The body system that distributes oxygen and nutrients to cells and carries carbon dioxide and wastes away from cells is the? | Cardiovascular system |
| The system that plays the major role in regulating the volume and chemical composition of blood, eliminating wastes, and regulating fluid and electrolyte balance is the? | Urinary system |
| Which of the following body parts would be considered contralateral (opposite sides) to each other? | left lung and right lung |
| What lines the abdominal cavity? | parietal perineum |
| Define anatomy | Study of structure |
| Define physiology | study of function |
| Give examples of the parts of the integumentary system | skin, hair, nails, sweat glands, secaceous glands |
| Generation of heat (thermogenesis) is a function of the ________ system? | Muscular system |
| Define tissue | group of similar cells that performs a specialized function |
| Assessment of body structure and function by touching body surfaces with the hands is called? | Palpation |
| What organ is located in the mediastinum? | Heart |
| give the main function of the skeletal system. | Provide framework |
| Which of the following is located in the pelvic cavity? | uterus |
| Name the organs found in the thoracic cavity. | lungs, heart, esophagus, trachea, and thymus |
| describe the anatomical position | standing erect; the face is forward; and the upper limbs are at the sides, with the palms forward |
| Ginny is six years old and has grown 12 inches during the last year. Her family physician has referred her to an endocrinologist. This is because he suspects there is a problem with her? | Hormone balance |
| When dividing the abdominopelvic cavity into quadrants, a transverse plane and a midsgittal plane are passed through the? | umbilicus |
| Define histology | the study of cells |
| Which plane vertically divides the body through the midline into right and left portions? | Sagittal plane |
| Anabolism is? | synthesis of larger molecules from smaller ones |
| ___________ is the sum of all chemical processes that occur in the body | MEtabolism |
| What organ system has the most influence on controlling and integrating body activities? | Endocrine |
| The study of disease is? | Pathology |
| The study of aging is? | Gerontology |
| Define sagittal plane | plane or section that divides a structure into right and left portions |
| Define homeostasis | state of equilibrium in which the internal environment of the body remains in the normal range |
| define Cell | the structural and functional unit of an organism |
| The position of the body that includes the head, neck and trunk. | Axial |
| The serous pleural membrane which is the outer covering of the lung. | Visceral |
| Describes a part closer to the trunk of the body or closer to another specified point of reference than another part. | Proximal |
| Is the Opposite of proximal, it means a body part is farther from the trunk or farther from another specified point of reference than another part. | Distal |
| A part is above another part or closer to the head | Superior |
| A part is below another part or toward the head | Inferior |
| Outward or near the surface | Peripheral |
| Describes internal parts | Deep |
| the cavity that houses the lungs, heart and vicera | Thoracic |
| cells make up? | tissue |
| Organs make up> | ORgan systems |
| Tissues make up? | organs |
| Organ systems make up? | Organism |
| The hand is located ____ to the elbow. | Distally |
| The ear is located________ to the eye. | Posteriorly |
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