Beth Anderson's Extra Credit due on 2/26/10 on the peripheral nervous system
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141843 on February 24, 2010
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Beth Andersons Extra Credit due on 2/26/10 on the peripheral nervous system
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Beth Anderson's Extra Credit due on 2/26/10 on the peripheral nervous system
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50 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 peripheral nervous system | what consists of nerves that branch out from the CNS and connect it to other body parts |
| spinal nerves | nerves which arise from the spinal cord |
| somatic/autonomic nervous systems | list the 2 divisions of the peripheral nervous system |
| somatic nervous system | what consists of the cranial and spinal nerve fibers that connect the CNS to the skin, skeletal muscles, and special senses |
| conscious | the somatic nervous system oversees what type of acitivities |
| autonomic nervous system | what includes the fibers that connect the CNS to viscera and glands |
| uncounscious | the autonomic nervous system oversees what type of activities |
| autonomic | what nervous system division functions without conscious thought |
| hypothalamus/brainstem | Autonomic nervous system functions are controlled primarily by what |
| sympathetic/parasympathetic divisions | the autonomic nervous system includes what two divisions |
| parasympathetic | what division of the autonomic nervous system operates under normal conditions |
| sympathetic | what division of the autonomic nervous system operates under conditions of stress or emergency |
| autonomic neurotransmitters | what are released by both the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the ANS |
| acetylcholine/norepinephrine | what are the two main neurotransmitters released by the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions called |
| dilation | what is the effect of the sympathetic division on the pupil of the eye |
| constriction | what is the effect of the parasympathetic division on the pupil of the eye |
| 5 | how many general types of receptors are there |
| sensory receptors | what detect changes in the environment and stimulate neurons to send nerve impulses to the brain |
| chemoreceptors | sensory receptor stimulated by change in concentration of chemicals |
| smell/taste/blood sugar levels | give 3 examples of chemoreceptors |
| pain receptors | sensory receptor that detects tissue damage |
| thermoreceptors | sensory receptor that responds to hot or cold |
| mechanoreceptors | sensory receptor that responds to changes in pressure or movement |
| photoreceptors | sensory receptor that responds to light energy |
| eyes | where is the only place that photoreceptors are found |
| sensations | feelings that occur when the brain interprets sensory impulses |
| sensory input | a sensation is formed based on what |
| region | all impulses leaving the receptors are identicla so different sensations depend on the ______ of the brain that receives the impulse |
| receptors | what can be stimulated by various means |
| heat/cold/pressure | give an 3 examples of things that stimulate pain receptors |
| projection | what does the brain use to send sensation back to its point of origin so the person can pinpoint the area of stimulation |
| sensory adaptation | sensory impulses are sent at decreasing rates until receptors fail to send impulses unless there is a change in strength of the stimulus |
| somatic senses | what consists of receptors associated with the skin, muscles, joints, and visceral |
| 3 | how many receptors detect touch and pressure |
| free nerve endings/corpuscles of touch/lamellated corpuscles | list the 3 types of receptors that detect touch and pressure |
| free nerve endings | most basic, bare dendrites found in the epithelial tissues |
| corpuscles of touch | sensitive to light touch, oval pad of tissue with dendrites inside |
| meissner's corpuscles | are flattened connective tissue sheaths surrounding two or more nerve fibers and are abundant in hairless areas that are very sensitive to touch |
| lips/finger tips/palms/soles | where are meissner's corpuscles numerous |
| lamellated corpuscles | sensitive to heavy pressure, thick pad of CT with dendrites inside |
| pacinian corpuscles | large structures of CT and cells that detect deep pressure |
| tendons/ligaments | where are pacinian corpuscles most common |
| heat receptors/cold receptors | what are the two groups included within temperature receptors |
| quickly | both heat and cold receptors adapt _____ |
| heat receptors | sensitive to temps above 25 C and become unresponsive at temp above 45 C |
| cold receptors | sensitive to temps between 10 C and 25 C |
| 45 C | temperatures near what stimulate pain receptors, producing a burning sensation |
| 10 C | temperature near what stimulate pain receptors, producing a freezing sensation |
| nociceptors | what is another name for pain receptors |
| pain receptors | what consist of free nerve endings that are stimulated when tissues are damaged, and adapt little, if at all |
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