Modern Genetics - Chapter 4
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Created by:
dstsunflower on February 28, 2010
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21 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 sex chromosomes | Chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual |
| sex-linked gene | alleles passed from parent to child on sex chromosomes |
| carrier | a person who has an allele for a trait, but does not have the trait |
| genetic disorder | illness or condition due to faulty genes or chromosomes |
| pedigree | a diagram that shows the occurrence of a genetic trait in several generations of a family |
| karyotype | a picture of all the chromosomes in a cell |
| selective breeding | allowing only those animals with desired characteristics to produce the next generation |
| inbreeding | the act of mating closely related individuals |
| hybridization | breeders cross 2 genetically different individuals |
| clone | an organism that is genetically identical to the organism from which it was produced |
| gene therapy | inserting working copies of a gene into the cells of a person with a genetic disorder in an attempt to correct the disorder |
| genome | The entire genetic makeup of an individual or species |
| genetic engineering | techinique for producing organisms with desired traits |
| genetic counselor | person trained to collect, analyze, and explain data about human inheritance patterns |
| sickle cell disease | A genetic Disorder when some of the red blood cells are sickle shaped which interrupts the cell's ability to carry oxygen and causes the individual great pain |
| cystic fibrosis | A genetic disorder that occurs in people with two copies of a certain recessive allele; characterized by an excessive secretion of mucus and consequent vulnerability to infection; fatal if untreated. |
| hemophilia | A human genetic disease caused by a sex-linked recessive allele, characterized by excessive bleeding following injury. |
| down's syndrome | a chromosomal abnormality characterized by mental retardation and caused by an extra chromosome in the 21st pair. |
| multiple alleles | three or more forms of a gene that code for a single trait |
| XX | female |
| XY | male |
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