Medical Terminology Chp 5
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Created by:
Otworth on February 1, 2013
Subjects:
Medical Terminology Cardiovascular System
Description:
Medical Terminology Chp 5
Cardiovascular system
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75 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 angi/o | vessel (usually blood or lymph) |
| aort/o | aorta; largest artery |
| arteri/o | of or pertaining to an artery |
| ather/o | plaque or fatty substance |
| brady- | Abnormally slow |
| cardi/o | pertaining to the heart |
| -crasia | mixture or blending |
| -ernia | blood, blood condition |
| erythr/o | combining form for red |
| hem/o hemat/o | blood, pertaining to the blood |
| leuk/o | combining form for white |
| phleb/o | combining form: vein |
| tachy- | fast, rapid |
| thromb/o | BLOOD CLOT |
| ven/o | combining form for vein |
| ACE inhibitor | blocks the action of the enzyme that causes the blood vessels to contract resulting in hypertension |
| anemia | a deficiency of red blood cells |
| aneurysm | a cardiovascular disease characterized by a sac-like widening of an artery resulting from weakening of the artery wall |
| angina | a heart condition marked by paroxysms of chest pain due to reduced oxygen to the heart |
| angioplasty | an operation to repair a damaged blood vessel or unblock a coronary artery |
| anticoagulant | slows coagulation and prevents new clots from forming |
| aplastic anemia | a normocytic-normochromic type of anemia characterized by the failure of bone marrow to produce red blood cells |
| arrhythmia | any of several kinds of irregularity or loss of rhythm of the heartbeat |
| atherectomy | surgical removal of plaque buildup from the interior of an artery |
| atheroma | a deposit of plaque on or within the arterial wall |
| atherosclerosis | the most common form of CVD; a disease characterized by plaques along the inner walls of the arteries. |
| atrial fibrillation | occurs when the normal rhythmic contractions of the atria are replaced by rapid irregular twitching of the muscular heart wall |
| automated external defibrillator | electronic equipment that automatically samples the heart's electrical rhythms and when necessary, externally shocks the heart to restore a normal cardiac rhythm |
| beta-blocker | Drug used to treat angina, hypertension, and arrhythmias. It blocks the action of epinephrine (adrenaline) at receptor sites on cells, slowing the heartbeat and reducing the workload on the heart. |
| blood dyscrasia | any pathologic condition of the cellular elements of the blood |
| bradycardia | slow heart rate, usually below 60 beats per minute |
| cardiac arrest | The heart and breathing stop suddenly and without warning |
| cardiac catheterization | procedure where a catheter is inserted into an artery and guided into the heart; may be used for diagnosis of blockages or treatment |
| cardiomyopathy | a general term for disease of the heart muscle, such as alcoholic cardiomyopathy (damage to the heart muscle caused by excessive consumption of alcohol) |
| carotid endarterectomy | incision and coring of the lining of the carotid artery to clear a blockage caused by the buildup of atherosclerotic plaque or a clot; an open procedure used to treat patients who are at risk for stroke |
| cholesterol | a type of fat made by the body from saturated fat; a minor part of fat in foods |
| chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) | a condition in which venous circulation is inadequate due to partial vein blockage or leakage of venous valves |
| coronary thrombosis | the closing off of a vessel that feeds the heart muscle by a stationary clot, or thrombus |
| defibrillation | application of an electric shock to the myocardium through the chest wall to restore normal cardiac rhythm |
| diuretic | a drug that causes the body to lose fluids; not effective for loss of body fat |
| electrocardiogram (ECG) | a record of the electrical activity of the heart that, if abnormal, may indicate heart disease |
| embolism | occlusion of a blood vessel by an embolus (a loose clot or air bubble or other particle) |
| embolus | A clot that breaks lose and travels through the bloodstream. |
| endocarditis | inflammation of the lining of the heart |
| erythrocytes | Red blood cells that transport oxygen |
| hemoglobin | Iron-containing protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen for delivery to cells |
| hemolytic anemia | a condition o fan inadequate number of circulating red blood cells due to the premature destruction of red blood cells by the spleen |
| hemostasis | surgical procedure of stopping the flow of blood (as with a hemostat) |
| ischemic heart disease | a group of cardiac disabilities resulting from an insufficient supply of oxygenated blood to the heart |
| leukemia | cancer characterized by an increase in abnormal white blood cells |
| leukocytes | white blood cells, or WBC, form in the bone marrow and are part of the body's nonspecific defenses and the immune system |
| leukopenia | an abnormal lowering of the white blood cell count |
| megaloblastic anemia | blood disorder characterized by anemia in which red blood cells are larger than normal., a blood disorder characterized by anemia in which the red blood cells are larger than normal |
| myelodysplastic syndrome | a group of bone marrow disorders that are characterized by the insufficient production of one or more types of blood cells due to dysfunction of the bone marrow |
| myocardial infarction | destruction of heart tissue resulting from obstruction of the blood supply to the heart muscle |
| orthostatic hypotension | decrease in blood pressure related to positional or postural changes from lying to sitting or standing positions |
| paroxysmal atrial tachycardia | an episode that begins and ends abruptly, during which there are very rapid and regular heartbeats that originate in the atrium |
| pericardium | a double-layered serous membrane that surrounds the heart |
| pernicious anemia | a macrocytic-normochromic type of anemia characterized by an inadequate supply of vitamin B12, causing red blood cells to become large, varied in shape, and reduced in number |
| phlebitis | inflammation of a vein (usually in the legs) |
| Raynaud's phenomenon | a peripheral arterial occlusive disease in which intermittent attacks are triggered by cold or stress. |
| septicemia | a systemic disease caused by the infection of microorganisms and their toxins in the circulating blood |
| sickle cell anemia | A genetic disorder that causes abnormal hemoglobin, resulting in some red blood cells assuming an abnormal sickle shape |
| tachycardia | abnormally rapid heartbeat (over 100 beats per minute) |
| thallium stress test (TST) | performed to evaluate how well blood flows through the coronary arteries of the heart muscle during exercise |
| thrombocytopenia | a bleeding disorder characterized by an abnormal decrease in the number of platelets in the blood, which impairs the clotting process |
| thrombolytic | a kind of pharmaceutical that can break up clots blocking the flow of blood to the heart muscle |
| thrombotic occlusion | the blocking of an artery by a thrombus |
| thrombus | a blood clot formed within a blood vessel and remaining attached to its place of origin |
| transfusion reaction | a serious, and potentially fatal, complication of a blood transfusion in which a severe immune response occurs because the patient's blood and the donated blood do not match |
| valvulitis | inflammation of a valve (especially of a cardiac valve as a consequence of rheumatic fever) |
| varicose veins | abnormally swollen, twisted veins with defective valves; most often seen in the legs |
| ventricular fibrillation | fibrillation of heart muscles resulting in interference with rhythmic contractions of the ventricles and possibly leading to cardiac arrest |
| ventricular tachycardia | a very rapid heartbeat that begins within the ventricles |
| cardiovascular | pertaining to the heart and blood vessels (cardi/o means heart, vascul means blood vessels, and -ar means pertaining to) |
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