Chapter 14 Blood
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Created by:
bioteacher1 on March 1, 2010
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50 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 hematocrit | 45% of blood volume that includes red blood cells |
| erythrocytes | red blood cells |
| hemoglobin | oxygen carrying molecule |
| spleen and liver | where worn RBCs are destroyed |
| erythropoiesis | formation of red blood cells |
| erythropoietin | hormone that controls the rate of RBC production |
| iron | major component of heme portion of hemoglobin |
| biliverdin | formed by the decomposition of heme |
| ferritin | iron stored in the liver |
| leukocytes | white blood cells |
| granulocytes | have granules in the cytoplasm |
| neutrophils | most abundant WBC, first at the scene |
| eosinophil | stain red, bilobed, allergic reactions and parasitic worms |
| basophil | stain blue, secrete chemicals necessary for inflammation |
| monocyte | largest blood cell, become macrophages after leaving bloodstream |
| lymphocyte | produced in red bone marrow and lymphoid tissue |
| antibodies | produced by B cells to attack foreign molecules |
| diapedesis | WBCs moving across the walls of blood vessels, include basophils and monocytes |
| positive chemotaxis | damaged cells release chemicals to attract leukocytes |
| pus | bacteria, WBCs and damaged cells accumulating in the damaged area |
| leukocytosis | too many WBCs, sign of infection, exercise, dehydration |
| leukopenia | too few WBCs |
| serotonin | chemical released by platelets to contract smooth muscle of blood vessels |
| thromobocytes | platelets, not complete cells |
| hematopoietic tissue | tissue that forms blood cells in the red marrow |
| heparin | released by basophils to inhibit blood clotting |
| histamine | released by basophils to promote inflammation by dilating b.v. |
| anemia | a reduction in hemoglobin or the number of RBCs |
| kidney | the main organ that produces erythropoietin |
| water | 92% of blood plasma |
| albumin | plasma protein that regulates water movement between blood and tissue, controls blood vol. |
| globulin | plasma protein that transports lipids and antibodies |
| fibrinogen | plasma protein that is involved in blood coagulation |
| plasma nutrients | glucose, amino acids, lipids |
| plasma electrolytes | sodium, chloride, magnesium, etc. |
| hemostasis | stoppage of bleeding |
| vasospasm | contraction of blood vessels due to serotonin; first step in hemostasis |
| coagulation | blood clot caused by fibrin closing the injured tissue |
| embolus | moving blood clot |
| atherosclerosis | fatty deposits around arterial linings |
| universal recipient | AB blood type with antigens A and B |
| universal donor | O blood type with no antigens |
| antibody B | produced by A blood type found in the plasma |
| platelet plug | platelets adhere to collagen and each other forming a plug before clotting; used in hemostasis |
| intrinsic/extrinsic | both mechanisms lead to a blood clot forming |
| Rh + | having the Rh antigen on red blood cells |
| antigen B | identification protein found on RBCs of B type blood |
| fibrin | mesh network of protein threads that hold together a broken blood vessel and form a clot |
| leukemia | cancer of immature WBCs that overtake RBCs |
| folic acid | a vitamin necessary for proper RBC production; found in green leafy veg., whole grains |
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