Rhetoric Terms
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stacyvickers on March 1, 2010
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39 terms
Latin | English |
|---|---|
| Jargon |  "confused, unintelligible language"; "a strange, outlandish, or barbarous language" |
| Dialect | "a hybrid language or dialect simplified in vocabulary and grammar and used for communication between peoples of different speech"; "the technical terminology or characteristic idom of a special activity or group" or "obscure and often pretentious langugage marked by circumlocution and long words" |
| Denotation | refers to a literal meaning of a word |
| Connotation | refers to an association, emotional or otherwise, that the word evokes. |
| Figures of Rhetoric | methods of elaborating one's style |
| Scheme | any artful variation from the typical arrangement of words in a sentence |
| Trope | any artful variation from the typical or expected way a word or idea is expressed |
| Parallelism of words | Exercise physiologists argue that body-pump aerobics sessions benefit a person's heart and lungs, muscles and nerves, and joints and cartilage. |
| Parallelism of phrases | Exercise physiologists argue that body-pump aerobics sessions help a person breathe more effectively, move with less discomfort, and avoid injury. |
| Parallelism of clauses | Exercise physiologists argue that body-pump aerobics sessions is the most efficient exercise class, that body-pump paritcipants show greater gain in stamina than participants in comparable exercise programs, and that body-pump aerobics is less expensive in terms of equipment and training needed to lead or take classes. |
| Zeugma | a figure in which more than one item in a sentence is governed by a single word, usually a verb. |
| Antithesis | parallelism is used to juxtapose words, phrases, or clauses that contrast. |
| Antithesis of words | When distance runners reach the state they call the zone, they find themselves mentally engaged yet detached. |
| Antithesis of phrases | When distance runners reach the state they call the zone, they find themselves mentally engaged with their physical surroundings yet detached from moment-to-moment concerns about their conditioning. |
| Antithesis of clauses | When distance runners reach the state they call the zone, they find that they are empirically engaged with their physical surroundings, yet they are also completely detached from moment-to-moment concerns about their conditioning. |
| Antimetabole | words are repeated in different grammatical forms. |
| Parenthesis | set off by dashes, interrupts a flow in order ro provide necessary, on-the-spot information or ideas for readers. |
| Appositive | a construction in which two coordinating elements are set side by side, and the second explains or modifies the first. |
| Ellipsis | any omission of words, the meaning of which is provided by the overall context of the passage. |
| Asyndeton | an omission of conjunctions between related clauses. |
| Alliteration | repetition of consonant sounds at the beginning or in the middle of two or more adjacent words |
| Assonace | repetition of vowel sounds in the stressed syllables of two or more adjacent words. |
| Anaphora | repetition of the same age group of words at the beginning of successive clauses |
| Epistrophe | repetition of the same group of words at the end of successive clauses. |
| Anadiplosis | repetition of the last word of one clause at the beginning of the following clause |
| Climax | repetition of words, phrases, or clauses in order of increasing number or importance |
| Simile | the comparision of two things is made explicit with the use of the word like or as. |
| Metaphor | the comparision of two things is made implicit without the use of the word like or as. |
| Synecdote | A part of something is used to refer to the whole. |
| Metonymy | An entity is referred to by one of its attributes. |
| Personification | Inanimate objects are given human characteristics. |
| Periphrasis | A descriptive word or phrase is used to refer to a proper name. |
| Anthimeria | One part of speech, usually a verb, substitutes for another, usually a noun |
| Onomatopoeia | Sounds of the words used are related to their meaning |
| Hyperbole | the trope of overstatement |
| Litotes | trope for understatement |
| Irony | Words are meant to convey the opposite of their literal meaning. |
| Oxymoron | Words that have apparently contradictory meanings are placed near each other |
| Rhetorical Question | A question is designed not to secure an answer but to move the development of an idea forward and suggest a point. |
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