EXAM 1 REVIEW: Multiculturalism
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16 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Multiculturalism | ________ developed as a reaction to the "failure" of the "melting pot" model of society (more on this soon). An analogy of this would be a "Salad Bowl" |
| philosophical, political project, social sciences | Multiculturalism: As an idea, multiculturalism is a _________ approach (ideas about what the American society ought to be) As practiced, it is a _________ (claim/struggle for rights) It is a theory in _________ |
| multiculturalism | Deep down _________ is about the tension between unity and diversity, the one and the many. |
| Universal Citizenship, Nation, The Public Square Model, Universal Citizenship, U.S. Constitution | MELTING POT: -Linked to the theoretical notion of ___________. -State=______. -Individual focused, Liberal model...._______________—roots in Ancient Greece, but fully developed during the Enlightenment._______________—individuals come and debate about matters of political live. -Historically, all individuals?Men of privilege (women, men of lesser status and non-whites traditionally excluded from politics).Example, ____________—originally granted universal rights to all citizens, conceived as white men of property. |
| submerge, National Identity, E Pluribus Unum, Americanization | CREATING AMERICA: MELTING POT PRACTICE: -Americanization of immigrants -Immigrants are expected to ______ their cultural differences in order to embrace shared ________. -From many, one.The Ford Foundation's ______________ practices and rituals. Graduation ceremony, gigantic wooden melting pot ...(Fadiman p.182).How successful is/was this model?Case study: the Mong |
| They refused to integrate (melt) into the mainstream USA society | How does the Hmong experience challenge the notion of the Melting Pot in the U.S.? |
| 1) China 2) Vietnamese 3) Vietnam War 4) Laos 5)genocide 6) exodus 7)Thailand 8) US 9)200,000 | THE HMONG: History of their arrival the U.S.Originally from _____, moved to SEA due to conflict with ChineseIn conflict with ________, who had a derogatory name for them, "Miao" or "Meo" (barbaric) America's "secret war" : During the ________, the US trained Hmong in _____ to resist communist Vietnamese attacks from the north. (30,000 Hmong may have died as a result of sustained conflict during this lengthy war )CIA promiseNVA forces initiated a campaign of ______ against the Hmong in retaliation for their support for the U.S. The Hmong then started a mass _____ from Laos or went into hiding in remote jungle areas of Laos and then _______ refugee camps -Horrific conditions -Seeking refuge in the __ (came in waves, about 120, 000 to 150,000 total) -Of 3,000 000 Hmong, only _______ made it to safety |
| 1) First Class Citizenship 2)separate, equal 3) Protection, representation 4) citizenship 5) politics | WHAT IS MULTICULTURALISM: Struggle for __________ Demands on behalf of black and other minority (Native Americans, Latinos...) groups for ________ and ________ representation. -________ and ___________ of difference. -Expansion of the definition of ________ and grounds for seeking rights. -Form of ______ politics (social movement) -___________: redistribution of resources and calls for recognition and respect. |
| 1) Mixed 2) Representation | NEW MULTICULTURALISM: SALAD BOWL: -We are all different and unique, but _____ together we taste better .... -But how to mix and who should do the mixing? -In other words, how many tomatoes, if any? And what kind of dressing (the social glue)? -Multiculturalism, struggle for _________ (place in the salad) |
| 1) Ethnic Identity 2) political 3)intellectual 4)romanticizing otherness 5) contexts 6) mosaic 7) cultural diversity 8) Melting 9) tensions | DIFFERENCE MULTICULTURALISM (prevalent model) -Fetishism of difference, culture reduced to a tag for 1)______ and a license for 2) _______ and 3)_________ separatism. 4)"_______________"-It risks abstracting cultural phenomena from their social and political-economic 5)_______.-Also, it presents social life as a 6)_____ of cultures , and everyone (but whites) has to fit into one...CRITICAL MULTICULTURALISM(anthropology propagated) -Uses 7)_____________ as a basis for challenging basic notions and principles of a nation to construct a more vital, open, and democratic common culture. -From many one, without 8)_____.Looks at 9)______ within cultures and how to resolve those |
| 1) college, extra-academic 2) ideological stance 3) Heterogeneity 4) Culture, ethnicity | HOW DOES MULTICULTURALISM WORK:-Beginnings: Primarily in _______ curriculums and ________cultural programs and events. ____________—participation of such minorities (conceived as separate "cultures") in (changing) national and transnational cultures. Recognition of __________ of the cultural and ethnic make up of contemporary metropolitan societies (UK and USA). Key: Concept of _____ merged/equalized with the concept of ______. Anthropologists have problems with this equation |
| 1) belonging, identity, school, literature, commanding father 2) Grandparents 3) multicultural 4) practice 5) 6) Personal | BARAK OBAMA DREAMS FROM MY FATHER: -A biography of a personal struggle for ______ and _______. -It is about both happy and unhappy childhood, about lonely voyage to racial identity, tensions in ______, struggling with black _______, with one month-long visit when he was 10 from his _____________.. -A black man raised by his white mother and __________. -Documentation of coming of age in a _______ society and all despair, loss, mobility, joy and hope it brings about. -Tension between theory of multiculturalism and _____. -Where is his place in the multicultural American society? -Meditation on race relations and part ______ memoir. |
| 1) Ethnocentric 2) forms of knowledge 3) exclusion | PARADOX OF DIFFERENCE IN MULTICULTURAL TEXTBOOKS: - __________ view of the minority cultures (they want to empower). -emphasize those _________ that have been framing the existing canon. -E.g., the emphasis on art, music and texts (not oral history) of a literary character as well as historic claims to understanding ("high-culture") achievement: discoveries, inventions... -This serves as a principle of ______: "When the Zulu have their own Dostoyevsky, we will read it...." |
| 1) Ethnocentrism 2) function, Inequalities | ANTHROPOLOGY AND MULTICULTURALISM: - What can anthropological notions of culture contribute to a political movement for cultural empowerment? -Cultural anthropologists could take the _______ of the new multicultural curricula and analyze it critically. -This analysis would point at its ______ in legitimatizing the sorts of ________ (hegemonic cultural elitism) they set to challenge. |
| 1) separated, society 2) repressive 3) political 4) social activity 5) plasticity | THE ANTHROPOLOGICAL CRITIQUE: -Also, culture in multiculturalism is increasingly being seen as _______ from _____. -Culture, deemed authentic in contrast to ______, alien or otherwise "inauthentic" social and political structures. -Culture becomes capable of being converted into a _____asset, a form of solidarity and mobilization where the nation-state is being challenged from below. Focus: -Culture is an inherently ________(culture and society are interrelated) -_______ of culture (no rigid ethnic cultures, but constantly changing, overlapping, evolving, emerging (sub)cultures) |
| 1) Social 2) Collective 3)malleability 4)program, equalization, liberation | THE ANTHROPOLOGICAL CRITIQUE: -Culture is an inherently _____ activity -The capacity for culture does not inhere in individuals as such but it arises as an aspect of ________ social life -Plasticity of culture -Almost infinite ________ - no limits to the kinds of social groups, networks or relations that can generate a cultural identity of their own. -Multiculturalism in its larger historical context thus becomes a ______, not only for ________ of relations among existing cultural groups and identities, but for the _______ and encouragement of the process of creating new ones. What is politically up for grabs? |
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