Law and Ethics-H-L
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40 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Hazard Communication Standard | An OSHA standard intended to increase health care practitioners' awareness of risks, to improve work parctices and appropriate use of personal protective equipment, and to reduce injuries and illnesses in the workplace |
| Healthcare Integrity and Protection Data Bank (HCIPDB) | A national health care fraud an abuse data collection program for the reporting and disclosure of certain adverse actions taken against health care providers, suppliers, or practitioners |
| Health Care Proxy | A durable power of attorney issued for pruposes of health care decisions only |
| Health Care Quality Improvement Act of 1986 | A federal statute passed to improve the quality of medical care nationwide. One provision established the National Practitioner Data Bank |
| Health Information Administrator | Manages health information and systems used to collect, store, process, retrieve, analyze, disseminate, and communicate health information |
| Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) of 1996 | Helps workers keep continuous health insurance coverage for themselves and their dependents when they change jobs, protects confidential medical information from unauthorized disclosure and/or use, and helps curb the rising cost of fraud and abuse |
| Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) | A health plan that combines coverage of health care cost and delivery of health care for a prepaid premium |
| Heredity | The process by which organisms pass genetic traits on to their offspring |
| Heterologous Artificial Insemination | Donor sperm is mechanically injected into a woman's vagina to fertilize her eggs |
| Hippocratic Oath | A pledge for physicians, developed by the Greek physician Hipporcrates circa 400bc |
| Homologous Artificial Insemination | The husband's sperm is mechanically injected into his wife's vagina to fertilize her eggs |
| Hospice | A facility or program (often carried out in a patient's home) in which teams of health care practitioners and volunteers provide a continuing environment that focuses on the emotional and psychological needs of the dying patient |
| Human Genome Project | A scientific project funded by the US government. It was begun in 1990 for the purpose of mapping all of a human's genes and was successfully completed in 2000 |
| Implied Contract | An unwritten and unspoken agreement whose terms result from the actions of the parties involved |
| Implied Limited Contract | A contract created when a physician or other health care worker treats a patient in an emergency situation. The agreement does not extend to the relationship after the emergency ends |
| In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) | Fertilization that takes place outside a woman's body, literally, "in glass," as in a test tube |
| Incapacity | A lack of physical or intellectual power, or of natural or legal qualifications. |
| Imcompetent | Lacking the qualities or skills neccessary for effective action |
| Indemnity | A traditional form of health insurance that covers the insured against a potential loss of money from medical expenses for an illness or accident |
| Individual (or independent) Practice Association (IPA) | A type of HMO that contracts with groups of physicians who practice in their own offices and receive a per-member payment (capitation) from participating HMOs to provide a full range of health services for HMO members |
| Informed Consent | The patient's right to receive all information relative to his or her condition and then to make a decision regarding treatment based upon that knowledge |
| Interrogatory | A written set of questions requiring written answers from a plaintiff or defendant under oath |
| Involuntary Euthanasia | The act of ending a terminal patient's life by medical means without his or her permission |
| Judicial Branch | That branch of government responsible for interpreting laws; the court system and judges |
| Judicial Council Opinions | A publication of the American Medical Association, issued for the purpose of defining ethics for physicians in all situations common to the practice of medicine |
| Jurisdiction | The power and authority given to a court to hear a case and to make a judgment |
| Just Cause | An employer's legal reason for firing an employee |
| Kinesiology | The study of muscles and muscle movement |
| Kinesiotherapist | Works under a physician's supervision, using therapeutic exercise and education to treat the effects of disease, injury, and congenital disorders on body movement |
| Law | Rule of conduct or action prescribed or formally recognized as binding or enforced by a controlling authority |
| Law of Agency | The law that governs the relationship between a principal and his or her agent |
| Legal Precedents | Decisions made by judges in the various courts that become rule of law and apply to future cases, even though they were not enacted by legislation |
| Legislative Branch | The Senate and the House of Representatives, responsible for creating laws |
| Liability Insurance | Contract coverage for potential damages incurred as a result of a negligent act |
| Liable | Accountable under the law |
| Licensure | A mandatory credentialing process established by law, usually at the state level, that grants the right to practice certain skills and endeavors |
| Lien | A charge upon real or personal property for the satisfaction of a debt or duty owed by law |
| Limited Data Set | Protected health information from which certain specified, direct identifiers of individuals have been removed |
| Litigious | Prone to engage in lawsuits |
| Living Will | An advance directive that specifies an individual's end-of-life wishes |
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