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popular sovereignty people are the only source of governmental power limited government government can only do the things that the people allows them to constitutionalism government must be conducted according to constitutional principles rule of law government and its officers are always subject to the law separation of powers powers of government are separated throughout its three branches, executive, legislative, and judicial checks and balances each branch is subject to a number of constitutional checks by the other branches judicial review the power to decide whether what government does in in accord with what the constitution provides unconstitutional a governmental action found to violate some provision in the Constitution federalism the division of power among a central government and several regional governments amendment changes in its written words formal ammendment changes or additions that become part of the written language of the Constituion itself Bill of Rights first ten ammendments to the constitution, it states the peoples basic rights informal ammendment the process by which many changes have been made in the constitution that havent lead to changes in the documents written words executive agreement a pact made by the president directly with the head of a foreign state extradiction a legal process in which a fugitive from justice in a state is returned to that state from another interstate relations making agreements with other states and foreign countries full faith and credit each stat respects the validity of each other state's laws block grants grants to state and local governments with more broadly defined purposes act of administration a congressional act of admitting a US territory into the union as a state grants in aid programs grants of fed dollars or other resources to states and/or their cities, counties, and other local units enabling act directs the framing of a proposed state's constitution reserved powers powers held by the states in the fed system exclusive powers those that can only be excercised by the federal government concurrent powers those that the states and the feds share inherent powers those that belong to the national government because its the national government of a sovereign state in the world community delegated powers powers only granted by the constitution expressed powers delegated to the national government in so many words, spelled out in the constitution implied powers arent written in the constitution but are expressed by the powers that are federalism a system of government in which a written constitution divides the powers of the government on a territorial basis division of powers federal and state governments have different powers