Study Guide for Cell Cycle, DNA Replication and Meiosis
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Created by:
turtlesilove93 on March 3, 2010
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21 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Interphase | the first step of mitosis. prepares for cell division.takes the longest.cell grows.the chromatin is very thin.DNA replication takes place during this time.the nuclear membrane is visible. 2 chromosomes |
| Prophase | chromatin gets condensed. spindle fibers form. nuclear membrane thins. 4 chromosomes |
| Metaphase (middle) | chromosomes line up in the middle or equator. each chromosome attaches to a spindle fiber. nuclear membrane not visible |
| Anaphase | chromatids being pulled to the opposite die of cell wall. cell membrane pinches in. nuclear membrane not visible. |
| Telophase | nuclear membrane forms around chromosomes. cell membrane almost completely pinched in. |
| Cytokinesis | cell membrane completely pinched in. cytoplasm divides equally into two other cells. each cell has same number of chromosomes it started with. each one will go through the cell cycle again |
| Way to remember the order and names | Interphase PMAT Cytokinesis |
| Other notes on cell cycle | Cell cycle-life cycle of a cell, sequence of events where cell grows and divides. cell cycles happen in body cells, not sex cells (sperm and eggs). human=46 chromosomes. |
| Parts of DNA molecule | See attached sheet |
| 1st step of DNA replication | The DNA unzips like a zipper. breaks bonds |
| 2nd step of DNA replication | DNA make an exact copy of itself |
| 3rd step of DNA replication | DNA makes two separate and identical DNA molecules. nucleotides float in nucleus. |
| Meiosis | sex cells go through it. goes through a mitosis-like cycle twice. 1 cell makes 4 cells. half of needed chromosomes in cell when done. (sperm and egg make baby 1/3 +1/2=1) |
| differences between meiosis and mitosis | Meiosis- 1 cell makes 4 cells, the number of cells are half of what the cell started with Mitosis-1 cell makes 2 cells, the number or chromosomes begin and end the same |
| Cell Cycle | -the life cycle of a cell |
| Mitosis | -in a eukaryotic cells, the cell organelles that is surrounded by two membranes and that is the cite of cellular respiration and nucleus divides |
| Replication | -the action or copying or reproducing something |
| Chromosomes | -in a eukaryotic cell, one of the structures in the nucleus that is made up of DNA and protein; in a prokaryotic cell, the main ring of protein |
| Chromatid | -each of the two threadlike structures into which a chromosome divides longitudinally during cell division and each contains a double helix of DNA (Chromatid+Chromatid=chromosome) |
| Chromatin | -the readily stainable substance of a cell nucleus. Has RNA, DNA and protein that forms chromosomes |
| CYTOkinesis | -the division of a cytoplasm of a cell |
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