Chapter 4 Short Term Working Memory
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25 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Working Memory | The use of short term memory as a temporary store for informatino needed to accomplish a particular task |
| Interference theory | Proposal that forgetting occurs because other material interferes with the information in memory. |
| Decay theory | Proposal that information is spontaneously lost over time, even when there is no interference from other material. |
| Retroactive Interference | Forgetting that occurs because of interference from material encountered after learning. |
| Proactive Interference | Forgetting that occurs because of interference from material encountered before learning. |
| Release from proactive interference | Reducing proactive interference by having information be dissimilar from earlier material. |
| Memory Span | The number of correct items that people can immediately recall from a sequence of items. |
| Absolute Judgment task | Identifying stimuli that vary along a single, sensory continuum. |
| Chunks | Cluster of items that has been stored as a unit in long term memory. |
| acoustic code | A memory code based on the sound of the stimulus. |
| Semantic Code | A memory code based on the meaning of the stimulus. |
| Acoustic Confusion | An error that sounds like the correct answer. |
| Phoneme | Any of the basic sounds of a language that are combined to form speech. |
| Subvocalizing | Silently speaking to oneself. |
| Lexical alteration | Substituting a word with similar meaning for one of the words in a sentence-- Keeps overall meaning the same. |
| Semantic Alteration | Changing the order of words in a sentence to change the meaning of the sentence. |
| Memory set | A set of items in short term memory that can be compared against a test item to determine if the test item is stored there. |
| Self terminating search | A search that stops as soon as the test item is successfully matched to an item in the memory set. |
| Exhaustive search | A search that continues until the test item is compared with all items in the memory set. |
| Encode | To create a visual or verbal code for a test item so it can be compared with the memory codes of items stored in short term memory. |
| Scan | To sequentially compare a test item with items in short term memory to determine if there's a match. |
| Phonological loop | A component of Baddeley's working memory model that maintains and manipulates acoustic information. |
| Visuospatial sketchpad | A component of Baddeley's working memory model that maintains and manipulates visual/spatial information. |
| Central Executive | A component of Baddeley's working memory model that manages the use of working memory. |
| Multimodal Code | An integration of memory codes such as combining visual and verbal codes- explains why we can make visual map from verbal directions. |
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