ch. 10 genetics study guide
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Created by:
13estuart Plus on March 4, 2010
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32 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Trait | variation of a particular inherited character |
| Genetics | study of heredity |
| Hybrid | offspring of two different true-breeding varieties |
| Purebred | offspring of two of the same breeding varieties |
| monohybrid cross | mating of two organisms that differ in only one character |
| allele | alternative form of a gene |
| homozygous | having identical alleles for a gene |
| heterozygous | having different alleles for a gene |
| dominant | descriptive of an allele in a heterozygous individual that appears to be the only one affecting a trait |
| recessive | descriptive of an allele in a heterozygous individual that does not appear to affect a trait |
| Punnett square | diagram showing the probabilities of the possible outcomes of a genetic cross |
| Phenotype | observable traits of an organism |
| Genotype | genetic makeup of an organism; an organism's combination of alleles |
| Testcross | mating of an individual of unknown genotype but dominant phenotype with a homozygous recessive individual |
| dihybrid cross | mating of two organisms that differ in two characters |
| intermediate inheritance | inheritance in which heterozygotes have a phenotype intermediate between the phenotypes of the two homozygotes |
| codominance | inheritance pattern in which a heterozygote expresses the distinct traits of both alleles |
| polygenic inheritance | combined effect of two or more genes on a single character |
| gene locus | specific location of a gene on a chromosome |
| sex-linked gene | gene located on a sex chromosome |
| Gregor Mendel | the Father of Modern Genetics |
| Law of Segregation | Allele pairs (the two alleles for a heritable character) separate during gametogenesis and end up in different gametes |
| Law of Independanet Assortment | Each allele for a trait segregates into gametes independently of any other alleles |
| mulitiple alleles | more than two alleles on one chromosome |
| X - linked | one parent lacks a gene |
| incomplete dominance | Neither allele is dominant. Heterozygote shows intermediate phenotype |
| incomplete dominance | a blue chicken that has black and white parents, would be an example of... |
| codominance | a roaning horse of calf would be an example of.. |
| codominace | spots/patches |
| incomplete dominance | no spots/patches (all one color) |
| multiple alleles | human blood type is an example of.. |
| polygenic inheritance | eye color, weight, and skin color are examples of |
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