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Henry Stimson sec of state 1932 decided to attack Japanese aggressors who invaded China's Manchuria by issuing ___doctrine. declared US wouldn't recognize any territorial acquisitiosn achieved by force; Japan ignored doctrine & moved onto Shanghai in 1932 & voilence continued without League of Nation's intervention as WWII was born Philip Randolph Led black unions like the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters that fought for the rights of Black workers., called for march on Washington demanding end to federal discrimination Douglas McArthur commander in chief of US forces in the Pacific Theater of operations, Left the Philipines vowing "I shall return" during the Korean War, however, was fires for insubordination. Chester W. Nimitz Leader in WW2 Admiral of the US Pacific fleet became famous at battle of midway Dwight D. Eisenhower leader of the Allied forces in Europe during WW2--leader of troops in Africa and commander in DDay invasion-elected president-president during integration of Little Rock Central High School Joseph Stalin Russian leader who succeeded Lenin as head of the Communist Party and created a totalitarian state by purging all opposition (1879-1953) Jiang Jieshi (Chiang Kai-Shek), feared the Communist's goal of creating a socialist economy modeled after the Soviet Union's. At first, put aside differences with Communists, but soon turned against them. Became president of the Nationalist Republic of China. Promised democracy and political rights to all Chinese. Did nothing to improve the life of China's rural peasants Thomas Dewey He was the Governor of New York (1943-1955) and the unsuccessful Republican candidate for the U.S. Presidency in 1944 and 1948. As a leader of the liberal faction of the Republican party he fought the conservative faction led by Senator Robert A. Taft, and played a major role in nominating Dwight D. Eisenhower for the presidency in 1952. Harry S. Truman elected Vice President in Roosevelt's 4th term Albert Einstein physicist born in Germany who formulated the special theory of relativity and the general theory of relativity War Production Board During WWII, FDR established it to allocated scarce materials, limited or stopped the production of civilian goods, and distributed contracts among competing manufacturers Office of Price Administration WWII Office that installs price controls on essential items to prevent inflation WAACs The "Women's Army Axillary Corps", an acronym given to reference women in the army. Women being in the army changed their roles in society and gained them new respect. Rosie the Riveter symbol of American women who went to work in factories during the war braceros (temporary workers), US govt negotiated an agreement with Mexico in July 1942 to import braceros to relieve labor shortages in agriculture caused by conscription and the monement of rural workers to city factories; they were classified as foreign laborers rather than as immigrants Fair Employment Practices Commission established to combat discrimination in industries that held government contracts. Casablanca Conference A wartime conference held at Casablanca, Morocco that was attended by de Gaulle, Churchill, and FDR. The Allies demanded the unconditional surrender of the axis, agreed to aid the Soviets, agreed on the invasion Italy, and the joint leadership of the Free French by De Gaulle and Giraud. second front the invasion of western Europe by the U.S ,British, and French in 1944. This invasion was to take presure off the Russians and divide the Germans. It was established by the D-Day Invasion. Tehran Conference December, 1943, a meeting between FDR, Churchill and Stalin in Iran to discuss coordination of military efforts against Germany, they repeated the pledge made in the earlier Moscow Conference to create the United Nations after the war's conclusion to help ensure international peace D-Day planned June 5th June 6 1944 Germans occupied Normandy France Germans though it would occur at Calais and goal was to liberate Paris Battle of the Bulge December, 1944-January, 1945 - After recapturing France, the Allied advance became stalled along the German border. In the winter of 1944, Germany staged a massive counterattack in Belgium and Luxembourg which pushed a 30 mile "bulge" into the Allied lines. The Allies stopped the German advance and threw them back across the Rhine with heavy losses. Potsdam Conference The final wartime meeting of the leaders of the United States, Britain, and the Soviet Union was held at Potsdamn, outside Berlin, in July, 1945. Truman, Churchill, and Stalin discussed the future of Europe but their failure to reach meaningful agreements soon led to the onset of the Cold War. Manhattan Project code name for the secret United States project set up in 1942 to develop atomic bombs for use in World War II