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88 terms
Terms | Definitions |
|---|---|
 Aneurysm | Abnormal bulging of an arterial wall usually caused by a congenital defect or an acquired weakness of the arterial wall |
| Angina pectoris | Chest pain that is a primary symptom of an insufficient supply of oxygen to the heart |
| Angiocarditis | Inflammation of the heart and blood vessels |
| Angiogram | A diagnostic image resulting from angiography |
| Angiography | A diagnostic procedure that includes X-ray photography, MRI, or CAT scan images of a blood vessel after injection of a contrast medium |
| Angioma | A tumor arising from a blood vessel; also known as a hemangioma |
| Angioplasty | Surgical repair of a blood vessel, including balloon angioplasty and laser angioplasty |
| Angioscope | A modified endoscope that has a camera at one end and video monitor at the opposite end; used to observe a diseased blood vesse |
| Angioscopy | The use of a flexible, fiber-optic instrument, an endoscope, to observe a diseased blood vessel in order to assess the lesion |
| Angiospasm | Abnormal muscular contractions, or spasms, of the smooth muscles forming the vessel walls |
| Angiostenosis | Narrowing of a blood vessel causing the reduction of blood flow to a part of the body |
| Angiostomy | Creation of an opening into a blood vessel, usually for the insertion of a catheter |
| Aortic insufficiency | A condition in which the semilunar valve fails to close completely during ventricular diastole, causing blood to return to the left ventricle, which makes the left ventricle work harder; also called aortic regurgitation |
| Aortic regurgitation | A condition in which the semilunar valve fails to close completely during ventricular diastole; also called aortic insufficiency (AI) |
| Aortic stenosis | Narrowing of the aorta, reducing the flow of blood through this large vessel, which causes the left ventricle to work harder than normal |
| Aortitis | Inflammation of the aorta often caused by a bacterial infection |
| Aortogram | The image resulting from aortography, a procedure that obtains an X-ray photograph, MRI, or CAT scan image of the aorta |
| Aortography | procedure that obtains an X-ray photograph, MRI, or CAT scan image of the aorta; image is called an aortogram |
| Arrhythmia | Loss of the normal rhythm of the heart; also called dysrhythmia |
| Arteriogram | The image resulting from arteriography, a procedure that obtains an image of an artery |
| Arteriopathy | The general term for a disease of an artery |
| Arterioplasty | A procedure performed to repair an injured artery |
| Arteriorrhaphy | Suturing the opening in an artery after surgical repair |
| Arteriosclerosis | A disease in which an artery wall becomes thickened and loses its elasticity, resulting in a reduced flow of blood to tissues |
| Arteriosclerotic heart disease (ASHD) | A condition in which the coronary arteries supplying the heart are damaged by arteriosclerosis |
| Arteriotomy | An incision into an artery |
| Atherosclerosis | A form of arteriosclerosis in which one or more fatty plaques form along the inner walls of arteries |
| Atrial fibrillation | A condition of uncoordinated, rapid contractions of the muscle forming the atria, involving a reduction of blood expelled from the atria; it is usually not fatal |
| Atrial septal defect | A congenital condition characterized by a failure of the foramen ovale to close at birth, producing an opening in the septum that separates the right and left atria |
| Atriomegaly | Abnormally enlarged or dilated atria with reduced ability to push blood into the ventricles |
| Atrioventricular block | An injury to the atrioventricular node (AV node), which normally receives impulses from the sinoatrial node (SA node) and transmits them to the ventricles to stimulate ventricular systole |
| Auscultation | The procedure of listening to internal sounds using a stethoscope |
| Cardiac catheterization | Insertion of a narrow flexible tube, called a catheter, through a blood vessel leading into the heart |
| Cardiac or coronary angiography | A diagnostic procedure that includes X-ray photography, MRI, or CAT scan images of the heart after injection of a contrast medium; a form of angiograph |
| Cardiac tamponade | Acute compression of the heart due to the accumulation of fluid within the pericardial cavity |
| Cardiac ultrasonography | Another term for echocardiography, an ultrasound procedure that directs sound waves through the heart to evaluate heart function; recorded data is typically called an echocardiogram |
| Cardialgia | Heart pain; more frequently called cardiodynia |
| Cardiodynia | Heart pain; less frequently called cardialgia |
| Cardiogenic | A symptom or sign that originates from a condition of the heart |
| Cardiomegaly | An enlarged heart; occurs when the heart must work harder than normal to meet the oxygen demands of body cells |
| Cardiomyopathy | The general term for a disease of the myocardium of the heart |
| Cardioplegia | A sign in which the heart has become paralyzed |
| Cardiovalvulitis | Inflammation of the valves of the heart that is usually diagnosed from the presence of a heart murmur which is a gurgling sound detected during auscultation |
| Coarctation of the aorta | A congenital defect characterized by aortic stenosis that is present at birth; it causes reduced systemic circulation of blood and accumulation of fluid in the lungs |
| Congestive heart failure (CHF) | A chronic form of heart disease characterized by the failure of the left ventricle to pump enough blood to supply systemic tissues and lungs |
| Cor pulmonale | The chronic enlargement of the right ventricle resulting from congestion of the pulmonary circulation |
| Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) | A surgical procedure that involves removal of a blood vessel from another part of the body and inserting it into the coronary circulation |
| Coronary occlusion | A blockage within a coronary artery, resulting in a reduced blood flow to an area of the heart muscle |
| Coronary stent | An artificial, usually plastic, scaffold that is used to anchor a surgical implant or graft |
| Cyanosis | A blue tinge seen in the skin and mucous membranes caused by oxygen deficiency in tissues |
| Defibrillation | An electric charge applied to the chest wall to stop the heart conduction system momentarily, then re-start it with a more normal heart rhythm |
| Doppler sonography | An ultrasound procedure that evaluates blood flow to determine the cause of a localized reduction in circulation |
| Dysrhythmia | An abnormal heart rhythm; also known as arrhythmia |
| Echocardiogram | Recorded data resulting from echocardiography, an ultrasound procedure that directs sound waves through the heart to evaluate heart function |
| Echocardiography | An ultrasound procedure that directs sound waves through the heart to evaluate heart function; recorded data is typically called an echocardiogram |
| Electrocardiography | A procedure in which electrodes are pasted to the skin of the chest to detect and measure the electrical events of the heart conduction system; the record or image of the data is called an electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG |
| Embolectomy | The surgical removal of a floating blood clot or embolus |
| Embolism | A blockage or occlusion caused by a blood clot or foreign particle (including air or fat), an embolus, that moves through the circulation |
| Endarterectomy | The surgical removal of the inner lining of an artery to remove a fatty plaque |
| Endocarditis | Inflammation of the endocardium |
| Heart block | An interference with the normal electrical conduction of the heart |
| Hemangioma | A tumor arising from a blood vessel; also called angioma |
| Hypertension | Abnormally high blood pressure; includes essential hypertension and secondary hypertension |
| Hypotension | Abnormally low blood pressure |
| Ischemia | Abnormally low blood flow to tissues |
| Left ventricular failure | A chronic form of heart disease characterized by the failure of the left ventricle to pump enough blood to supply systemic tissues and lungs, also known as congestive heart failure (CHF) |
| Mitral valve prolapse | A type of heart murmur that occurs when the mitral valve leaks during ventricular contraction |
| Myocardial infarction (MI) | Death of a portion of the myocardium |
| Myocarditis | Inflammation of the myocardium of the heart |
| Palpitation | The symptom of pounding, racing, or skipping of the heartbeat |
| Patent ductus arteriosus | A congenital condition characterized by an opening between the pulmonary artery and the aorta due to a failure of the fetal vessel to close |
| Pericarditis | Inflammation of the membrane surrounding the heart, the pericardium |
| Phlebectomy | The surgical removal of a vein |
| Phlebitis | Inflammation of a vein |
| Phlebotomy | Puncture into a vein to remove blood for sampling or donation by a phlebotomist |
| Polyarteritis | Simultaneous inflammation of many arteries |
| Right ventricular failure | A condition of chronic enlargement of the right ventricle resulting from congestion of the pulmonary circulation; also called cor pulmonale |
| Septicemia | A systemwide disease caused by the presence of bacteria and their toxins in the circulating blood; also known as sepsis |
| Sphygmomanometry | The procedure that measures arterial blood pressure with a device called a |
| Tachycardia | A rapid heart rate |
| Tetralogy of Fallot | A severe congenital disease in which four defects associated with the heart are present at birth |
| Thrombolytic therapy | Treatment to dissolve unwanted blood clots to prevent the development of emboli |
| Thrombosis | The presence of stationary blood clots within one or more blood vessels |
| Thrombophlebitis | The condition in which inflammation of the vein includes an obstruction by a blood clot |
| Valvuloplasty | Surgical repair of a heart valve |
| Varicosis | An abnormally dilated vein that results when valves within a superficial vein of the leg or elsewhere fail, allowing blood to pool |
| Ventricular fibrillation | The condition of uncoordinated, rapid contractions of the muscle forming the ventricles that results in circulatory collapse due to the failure of the ventricles to expel blood |
| Ventricular septal defect | A congenital disease in which an opening in the septum separating the right and left ventricles is present at birth |
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